Entering and editing text
Overview
Many score objects are text-based. For example
- Title, Subtitle, Composer, Lyricist
- Tempo marks
- Dynamics, such as p or mf
- Expressions such as Andante or Allegro
- Fingering numbers
- Lyrics
- Chord symbols
And so on …
Text, of whatever type, always has an object to which it is attached.
- Some types of text (Title, Subtitle etc.) are associated with frames;
- Staff and System text are attached to a music staff;
- Jumps and markers are attached to measures;
- Fingering is attached to a particular musical note;
- Header and Footer text appear at the head and foot of the score respectively.
And so on …
See the table below, under "Types of text", for links to handbook pages for specific types of text.
Adding text to your score
A text object may get entered from a palette, the Add menu, or using a keyboard shortcut.
Note: Adding text to a frame is dealt with elsewhere; see Text blocks.
Add text from a palette
To add a text element to your score from a palette, either select one or more notes/rests and click on the desired palette item; or drag the text from the palette onto a note/rest. e.g.
Add text from a menu
If the text object is associated with a staff you can add it by selecting a note, then choosing a text option from Add→Text.
Add text using a shortcut
Many text types can be entered using keyboard shortcuts. You can view a list of shortcuts next to the items in Add→Text.
To create a text object, select a note, then enter the required shortcut.
Deleting text objects from your score
To delete one or more text objects, select the objects then press Delete.
Editing text
To enter text edit mode use one of the following methods:
- Double click on the text object.
- Select the text object and press Return.
- Select the text object and press F2 or Alt+Shift+E.
- Right-click on the text object and select "Edit element."
You can now add, edit and format the text within the text object.
To leave text edit mode either press Escape or click on a part of the score outside the edit area.
Keyboard shortcuts
The following keyboard shortcuts are available in text edit mode:
Function | Windows & Linux | Mac |
---|---|---|
Bold (toggle) | Ctrl+B | Cmd+B |
Italic (toggle) | Ctrl+I | Cmd+I |
Underline (toggle) | Ctrl+U | Cmd+U |
Move cursor | Home, End, ←, →, ↑, ↓ | (Alt+) ←, →, ↑, ↓ |
Remove character to the left of the cursor | Backspace | Delete |
Remove character to the right of the cursor | Del | → Delete or Fn+Del |
Start new line | ↵ | return |
Insert special characters (see below) | Shift+F2 | Fn+F2 |
Special characters
Characters not available from the standard keyboard may be accessed using the Special Characters window.
To open Special Characters In text edit mode, press Shift+F2; or click on Insert special characters in the Text section of the Properties panel.
The dialog is divided into 3 tabs: Common symbols, musical symbols and unicode symbols. The musical and unicode tabs are further subdivided into alphabetically-arranged categories.
Clicking an item in the Special Characters dialog immediately adds it to the text where the cursor is positioned. Multiple items can be applied without closing the dialog box, and the user can even continue to type normally, delete characters, enter numerical character codes etc., with it open.
A few special characters can also be created using shortcuts—see below.
Special character shortcuts
Character | Windows & Linux | Mac | Note |
---|---|---|---|
Sharp ♯ | Ctrl+Shift+# | Cmd+Shift+# | May not work on some keyboard layouts |
Flat ♭ | Ctrl+Shift+B | Cmd+Shift+B | |
Natural ♮ | Ctrl+Shift+H | Cmd+Shift+H | |
Piano p | Ctrl+Shift+P | Cmd+Shift+P | |
Forte f | Ctrl+Shift+F | Cmd+Shift+F | |
Mezzo m | Ctrl+Shift+M | Cmd+Shift+M | |
Rinforzando r | Ctrl+Shift+R | Cmd+Shift+R | |
Sforzando s | Ctrl+Shift+S | Cmd+Shift+S | |
Niente n | Ctrl+Shift+N | Cmd+Shift+N | |
Z z | Ctrl+Shift+Z | Cmd+Shift+Z | |
Elision ‿ | Ctrl+Alt+- | Cmd+Alt+- |
Types of text
Text type | Uses | |
---|---|---|
Staff text | General purpose text attached to a single staff: appearing only in that instrument part. | |
System text | General purpose text attached to a single staff: appearing in all instrument parts. | |
Chord symbols | Display the chords associated with a melody: usually above the staff. | |
Fingering | Numbers or letters attached to notes showing which fingers to use. | |
Lyrics | Create lyrics attached to a melody. | |
Rehearsal marks | Facilitate rehearsals, divide score into sections, bookmark passages etc. | |
Dynamics | Indicate the loudness of a note or phrase. | |
Figured bass | Period notation for keyboarders. | |
Frame text | Title/composer/lyricist details at the start of a score; song sheet lyrics etc. | |
Headers/Footers | Page numbers, copyright info etc. at the top/bottom of a page. | |
Instrument text | Apply mid-staff instrument changes. | |
Repeats and jumps (voltas) | Da Capo, Dal segno, Fine etc. | |
Roman Numeral Analysis (RNA) | A chord analysis system. | |
Sticking | Letters (L and R) attached to (drum) notes showing which hand or foot to use. | |
Swing text | Change from straight to swing time, and vice versa. | |
Tempo marks | Apply metronome and/or expression marks. | |
Text-lines | Voltas, ottavas, pedal lines, guitar barre lines etc. |