Veröffentlicht auf MuseScore (https://musescore.org)

Anhang

Bekannte Einschränkungen in MuseScore 2.x

    Obwohl alle Mitglieder des Entwicklerteams ihr Bestes gegeben haben, um die Software so zu programmieren, dass sie fehlerfrei und leicht zu bedienen ist, gibt es dennoch einige bekannte Einschränkungen in MuseScore 2.x.

    Grundlagen

    Auswahl sichern

    Die Funktion 'Auswahl sichern...' ist zurzeit nur eingeschränkt nutzbar. Wenn innerhalb der Auswahl kein Schlüssel, Tonart oder Taktart enthalten ist, wird der gesicherte Bereich im 4/4-Takt und C-Dur abgespeichert, wobei alle Tonhöhen erhalten bleiben, Vorzeichen ergänzt und unregelmäßige Takte übernommen werden.

    Lokale Taktarten

    Die Funktion der lokalen Taktarten, welche es erlaubt gleichzeitig unterschiedliche Taktarten in verschiedenen Notenzeilen eines Systems zu haben, ist stark eingeschränkt. Sie können eine lokale Taktart nur in einen leeren und nicht weiter verlinkten Takt setzen. In einen Takt mit lokalen Taktarten können Sie Noten ganz normal eingeben, aber Kopieren und Einfügen funktioniert nicht korrekt. Die Kommandos ‘Teilen’ und ‘Zufügen’ sind deaktiviert.

    Noteneingabe

    Tabulaturnotenzeile verbunden mit Standard Notenzeile

    Bei verlinkten Standard- und Tabulaturnotenzeilen müssen, wenn mehrstimmige Akkorde der Standardnotenzeile zugefügt werden, die einzelnen Akkordtöne von oben nach unten eingegeben werden. Anderenfalls könnte die automatische Zuordnung der Töne zu den Bünden unerwartete Ergebnisse bringen. (Anmerkung: Das betrifft a) nicht die direkte Eingabe in Tabulaturnotenzeilen, und auch b) nicht die Eingabe in eine Standardnotenzeile, wenn diese nicht mit einer Tabulatur verlinkt ist. In diesen beiden Fällen ist die Noteneingabe nicht an eine bestimmte Richtung gebunden.)

    Klang und Wiedergabe

    Instrumentenwechsel

    Ein Instrumentenwechsel bringt keine Transposition (Tonartwechsel) mit sich, wenn dies für eines der Instrumente notwendig sein sollte. Dies geht nur darüber, dass man zwei unterschiedliche Notenzeilen verwendet, und anschließend die 'Verstecke leere Notenzeilen' Option nutzt. Aktuell gibt es noch keinen wirklichen Instrumentenwechsel, nur der Klangwechsel bei der Wiedergabe. Transpositionen, Tonumfang und Notenzeilenname bleiben unverändert.

    Mischpult

    Bei Änderungen der Mixerwerte kann es sein, dass beim Schließen der Partitur der Hinweis „Vor Beenden Speichern?“ nicht erscheint. Eine Änderung dieser Werte ist dennoch machbar.

    Layout

    Es gibt keine Möglichkeit Kopf- und Fußzeilen auf WYSIWYG Art zu editieren. Die Felder in Stil → Allgemein → Kopf-, Fußzeilen, Zahlen enthalten nur reinen Text. Sie können auch "HTML“ ähnliche Syntax enthalten, aber der Textstil, das Layout, etc. können nicht mit einem WYSIWYG Editor bearbeitet werden..

    Tastenbefehle

      Die meisten Tastaturbefehle können verändert und den persönlichen Bedürfnissen angepasst werden über Bearbeiten→Einstellungen...→Tastenkürzel (Mac: MuseScore→Einstellungen...→Tastenkürzel).
      Unten folgt eine Liste mit einigen wichtigen Tastenkürzeln:

      Navigation

      Erste Seite der Partitur: Pos 1
      Letzte Seite der Partitur: Ende
      Suche (Taktnummer, Übungsmarke, oder pXX wenn XX eine Seitenzahl ist): Strg+F (Mac: Cmd+F)

      Nächste Partitur: Strg+Tab
      Vorherige Partitur: Umschalt+Strg+Tab

      Vergrößern: Strg++ (funktioniert nicht auf allen Systemen) (Mac: Cmd++) oder Strg (Mac: Cmd) + Mausrad nach oben scrollen
      Verkleinern: Strg+- (Mac: Cmd+-) oder Strg (Mac: Cmd) + Mausrad nach unten scrollen

      Nächste Seite: Bild runter oder Umschalt + Mausrad nach oben scrollen
      Vorherige Seite: Bild rauf oder Umschalt + Mausrad nach unten scrollen

      Nächster Takt: Strg+→ (Mac: Cmd+→)
      Vorheriger Takt: Strg+← (Mac: Cmd+←)

      Nächste Note: →
      Vorherige Note: ←

      Note darunter (in einem Akkord oder in einer tieferen Stimme): Alt+↓
      Note darüber (in einem Akkord oder in einer höheren Stimme): Alt+↑

      Höchste Note im Akkord: Strg+Alt+↑ (In Ubuntu wird dieses Kürzel stattdessen für die Arbeitsplätze benutzt)
      Tiefste Note im Akkord: Strg+Alt+↓ (In Ubuntu wird dieses Kürzel stattdessen für die Arbeitsplätze benutzt)

      Noteneingabe

      Noteneingabe beginnen: N
      Noteneingabe beenden: N oder Esc

      Notenlänge

      Mit 1 ... 9 kann man die Notenlänge auswählen. Siehe auch Noteneingabe.

      Länge der ausgewählte Note/Pause halbieren: Q
      Länge der ausgewählte Note/Pause verdoppeln: W
      Länge der ausgewählten Note/Pause um einen Punkt verkürzen (z.B. wird aus einer punktierten Viertelnote eine Viertelnote und aus einer Viertelnote eine punktierte Achtelnote), seit Version 2.1: Umschalt+Q
      Länge der ausgewählten Note/Pause um einen Punkt verlängern (z.B. wird aus einer Viertelnote eine punktierten Viertelnote und aus einer punktierten Achtelnote eine Viertelnote), seit Version 2.1: Umschalt+W

      Stimmen

      Um eine Stimme im Noteneingabemodus auszuwählen.

      Stimme 1: Strg+Alt+1 (Mac: Cmd+Option+1)
      Stimme 2: Strg+Alt+2 (Mac: Cmd+Option+2)
      Stimme 3: Strg+Alt+3 (Mac: Cmd+Option+3)
      Stimme 4: Strg+Alt+4 (Mac: Cmd+Option+4)

      Tonhöhe

      Tonhöhen können über die Tonbuchstaben (A-G), oder über ein MIDI-Keyboard eingegeben werden. Siehe auch Noteneingabe für mehr Details.

      Ausgewählte Note oder Akkord wiederholen: R (die Wiederholung kann auch mit einem abweichenden Notenwert erfolgen, indem man einen anderen Wert über Dauer auswählt.)

      Ganze Auswahl wiederholen: R (Die Auswahl wird von der ersten markierten Note bis zum Ende der Auswahl wiederholt.)

      Tonhöhe um eine Oktave nach oben: Strg+↑ (Mac: Cmd+↑)
      Tonhöhe um eine Oktave nach unten: Strg+↓ (Mac: Cmd+↓)

      Tonhöhe um einen Halbton nach oben (Ausgabe: #): ↑
      Tonhöhe um einen Halbton nach unten (Ausgabe: b): ↓
      Tonhöhe um einen Ganzton nach oben: Alt+Umschalt+↑
      Tonhöhe um einen Ganzton nach unten: Alt+Umschalt+↓

      Töne enharmonisch nach oben verwechseln: J
      Töne enharmonisch nach unten verwechseln: Umschalt+J
      Töne enharmonisch verwechseln, nur in klingender oder transponierter Notation: Strg+J (Mac: Cmd+J)

      Pause: 0 (Null)

      Intervall

      Füge über der ausgewählten Note ein Intervall hinzu: Alt+[Nummer]

      Layout

      Richtung umdrehen (Hals, Bögen, Triolenklammer, etc.): X
      Notenkopf spiegeln: Umschalt+X
      Dehnung von Takt(en) erhöhen: }
      Dehnung von Takt(en) verringern: {
      Systemumbruch an ausgewähltem Taktstrich: Eingabe
      Seitenumbruch an ausgewähltem Taktstrich: Strg+Eingabe (Mac: Cmd+Eingabe)
      Abstand zwischen Notenzeilen eines Systems für die gesamte Partitur ändern: Umschalt+ ziehen

      Artikulationen

      Staccato: Umschalt+S
      Tenuto: Umschalt+N
      Sforzato (Akzent): Umschalt+V
      Marcato: Umschalt+O
      Vorschlagsnote (Acciaccatura): /
      Crescendo: <
      Decrescendo: >

      Text

      Notenzeilentext: Strg+T (Mac:Cmd+T)
      Systemtext: Strg+Umschalt+T (Mac: Cmd+Umschalt+T)
      Tempotext: Alt+T
      Übungsmarke: Strg+M (Mac: Cmd+M)

      Liedtext

      Liedtext zu einer Note zufügen: Strg+L (Mac: Cmd+L)
      Vorherige Silbe: Umschalt+Leertaste
      Nächste Silbe: wenn die aktuelle und die folgende Silbe durch einen '-' getrennt werden: -, sonst Leertaste
      Verschiebe Silbe um 0.1sp nach links: ←
      Verschiebe Silbe um 0.1sp nach rechts: →
      Verschiebe Silbe um 1sp nach links: Strg+← (Mac: Cmd+←)
      Verschiebe Silbe um 1sp nach rechts: Strg+→ (Mac: Cmd+→)
      Verschiebe Silbe um 0.01sp nach links: Alt+←
      Verschiebe Silbe um 0.01sp nach rechts: Alt+→

      Hoch zur vorigen Strophe: Strg+↑ (Mac: Cmd+↑)
      Runter zur nächsten Strophe: Strg+↓ (Mac: Cmd+↓)

      Für weitere Liedtext-Tastaturkürzel siehe Liedtext.

      Ansicht

      Navigator: F12 (Mac: fn+F12)
      Wiedergabepult: F11 (Mac: fn+F11)
      Mischpult: F10 (Mac: fn+F10)
      Palette: F9 (Mac: fn+F9)
      Inspekteur: F8 (Mac: fn+F8)
      Klaviatur: P
      Auswahlfilter: F6
      Vollbilddarstellung: Strg+U

      Verschiedenes

      Sichtbarkeit der ausgewählten Elemente ein- bzw. ausschalten: V
      Instrumentendialog zeigen: I
      Mehrtaktpausen ein- bzw. ausschalten: M

      Siehe auch

      Glossar

      The glossary is a work in progress—please help if you can. You can discuss this page in the documentation forum.

      The list below is a glossary of frequently used terms in MuseScore as well as their meaning. The differences between American English and British English are marked with "(AE)" and "(BE)", respectively.

      Acciaccatura
      acciaccatura.png A short →grace note which appears as a small note with a stroke through the stem. It is quickly executed and technically takes no value from its associated note.
      Accidental
      A sign appearing in front of a note that raises or lowers its pitch. The most common accidentals are →sharps, →flats or →naturals, but double sharps and double flats are also used. Also →koron, and →sori and other quarter tone accidentals. Accidentals affect all notes on the same →staff position only for the remainder of the measure in which they occur, but they can be canceled by another accidental. In notes tied across a →barline, the accidental continues across the →barline to the tied note, but not to later untied notes on the same →staff position in that measure.
      Anacrusis
      See →Pickup measure.
      Anchor
      The point of attachment to the score of objects such as Text and Lines: When the object is dragged, the anchor appears as small brown circle connected to the object by a dotted line. Depending on the object selected, its anchor may be attached to either (a) a note (e.g. fingering), (b) a staff line (e.g. staff text), or (c) a barline (e.g. repeats).
      Appoggiatura
      A long →grace note which takes value from its associated note. Its functions include: passing tone, anticipation, struck suspension, and escape tone.
      Bar (BE)
      See →measure.
      Barline
      Vertical line through a →staff, staves, or a full →system that separates →measures.
      Beam
      Notes with a duration of an →eighth or shorter either carry a →flag or a beam. Beams are used for grouping notes.
      BPM
      Beats Per Minute is the unit for measuring tempo. See →metronome mark
      Breve
      Brevis
      A double whole note or breve is a note that has the duration of two whole notes.
      Cent
      An interval equal to one hundredth of a semitone.
      Chord
      A group of two or more notes sounding together. To select a chord in MuseScore, press Shift and click on a note. In the Inspector, however, the word "Chord" only covers notes in the same voice as the selected note(s).
      Clef
      Sign at the beginning of a →staff, used to tell which are the musical notes on the lines and between the lines.
      Clefs are very useful for →transposition.
      Concert pitch
      Enables you to switch between concert pitch and transposing pitch (see Concert pitch and Transposition).
      Crotchet (BE)
      See →Quarter note.
      Demisemiquaver (BE)
      A thirty-second note.
      Duplet
      See →tuplet.
      Edit mode
      The program mode from which you can edit various score elements.
      Eighth note
      A note whose duration is an eighth of a whole note (semibreve). Same as a quaver (BE).
      Endings
      See →volta.
      Enharmonic notes
      Notes that sound the same pitch but are written differently. Example: G♯ and A♭ are enharmonic notes.
      Flag
      See →beam.
      Flat
      Sign (♭) that indicates that the pitch of a note has to be lowered one semitone.
      Grace note
      Grace notes appear as small notes in front of a normal-sized main note. See →acciaccatura and →appoggiatura.
      Grand Staff (AE)
      Great Stave (BE)
      A system of two or more staves, featuring treble and bass clefs, used to notate music for keyboard instruments and the harp.
      Half Note
      A note whose duration is half of a whole note (semibreve). Same as a minim (BE).
      Hemidemisemiquaver (BE)
      A sixty-fourth note.
      Interval
      The difference in pitch between two notes, expressed in terms of the scale degree (e.g. major second, minor third, perfect fifth etc.). See Degree (Music) (Wikipedia).
      Jump
      In MuseScore, "jumps" are notations such as "D.S. al Coda", found in the "Repeats & Jumps" palette.
      Key Signature
      Set of →sharps or →flats at the beginning of the →staves. It gives an idea about the tonality and avoids repeating those signs all along the →staff.
      A key signature with B flat means F major or D minor tonality.
      Koron
      An Iranian →accidental which lowers the pitch of a note by a quarter tone (in comparison to the →flat which lowers a note by a semitone). It is possible to use this accidental in a →key signature.
      See also →sori.
      Longa
      A longa is a quadruple whole note.
      Ledger Line
      Line(s) that are added above or below the staff.
      Measure (AE)
      A segment of time defined by a given number of beats. Dividing music into bars provides regular reference points to pinpoint locations within a piece of music. Same as → bar (BE).
      Metronome mark
      Metronome marks are usually given by a note length equaling a certain playback speed in →BPM. In MuseScore, metronome marks are used in Tempo texts.
      Minim (BE)
      See →Half note.
      Natural
      A natural (♮) is a sign that cancels a previous alteration on notes of the same pitch.
      Normal mode
      The operating mode of MuseScore outside note input mode or edit mode: press Esc to enter it. In Normal mode you can navigate through the score, select and move elements, adjust Inspector properties, and alter the pitches of existing notes.
      Note input mode
      The program mode used for entering music notation.
      Operating System
      OS
      Underlying set of programs which set up a computer, enabling additional programs (such as MuseScore). Popular OSes are Microsoft Windows, macOS, and GNU/Linux.
      Not to be confused with a sheet music →system.
      Part
      Music to be played or sung by one or a group of musicians using the same instrument. In a string quartet, 1st part = Violin 1, 2nd part = Violin 2, 3rd part = Viola, 4th part = Cello, in a choir there might be parts for soprano, alto, tenor and bass. A part has one or more →staves (e.g. Piano has 2 staves, Organ can have 2 or 3 staves).
      Pickup Measure (also known as an Anacrusis or Upbeat)
      Incomplete first measure of a piece or a section of a piece of music. See Measure duration and Create new score: Pickup measure. Also Exclude from measure count.
      Quadruplet
      See →tuplet.
      Quarter note
      A note whose duration is a quarter of a whole note (semibreve). Same as a crotchet (BE).
      Quaver (BE)
      See →eighth note.
      Quintuplet
      See →tuplet.
      Respell Pitches
      Tries to guess the right accidentals for the whole score (see Accidentals).
      Rest
      Interval of silence of a specified duration.
      Re-pitch mode
      Allows you to rewrite an existing passage of music by changing the note pitches without altering the rhythm.
      Semibreve (BE)
      A whole note (AE). It lasts a whole measure in 4/4 time.
      Semiquaver (BE)
      A sixteenth note.
      Semihemidemisemiquaver (Quasihemidemisemiquaver) (BE)
      An hundred and twenty eighth note.
      Sextuplet
      See →tuplet.
      SFZ
      A virtual instrument format supported by MuseScore (along with →SoundFonts). An SFZ library consists of one or more SFZ text files, each defining a particular instrument setup, and many audio sound samples.
      Sharp
      Sign (♯) that indicates that the pitch of a note has to be raised one semitone.
      Slur
      A curved line over or under two or more notes, meaning that the notes will be played smooth and connected (legato).
      See also →tie.
      Sori
      An Iranian →accidental which raises the pitch of a note by a quarter tone (in comparison to the sharp which raises it by a semitone). It is possible to use this accidental in a →key signature.
      See also →koron.
      SoundFont
      A virtual instrument format supported by MuseScore (along with →SFZ). A SoundFont is a special type of file (extension .sf2, or .sf3 if compressed) containing sound samples of one or more musical instruments. In effect, a virtual synthesizer which acts as a sound source for MIDI files. MuseScore 2.2 comes with the SoundFont "MuseScore_General.sf3" pre-installed.
      Spatium (plural: Spatia)
      Space
      Staff Space
      sp (abbr./unit)
      The distance between two lines of a normal 5-line staff. In MuseScore this unit influences most size settings. See also Page settings.
      Staff (AE)
      Stave (BE)
      Group of one to five horizontal lines used to lay on musical signs. In ancient music notation (before 11th century) the staff/stave may have any number of lines (the plural of 'staff' is 'staves', in BE and AE).
      Step-time input
      MuseScore's default note input mode, allowing you to enter music notation one note (or rest) at a time.
      System
      Set of staves to be read simultaneously in a score.
      See also →Operating System (OS).
      Tie

      A curved line between two or more notes on the same pitch to indicate a single note of combined duration:

      • Quarter note + Tie + Quarter note = Half note
      • Quarter note + Tie + Eighth note = Dotted Quarter note
      • Quarter note + Tie + Eighth note + Tie + 16th note = Double Dotted Quarter note

      See also →slur.

      Transposition

      The act of moving the pitches of one or more notes up or down by a constant interval. There may be several reasons for transposing a piece, for example:

      1. The tune is too low or too high for a singer. In this case the whole orchestra will have to be transposed as well—easily done using MuseScore.
      2. The part is written for a particular instrument but needs to be played by a different one.
      3. The score is written for an orchestra and you want to hear what the individual instruments sound like. This requires changing the transposing instrument parts to concert pitch.
      4. A darker or a more brilliant sound is desired.
      Triplet
      See →tuplet.
      Tuplet
      A tuplet divides its next higher note value by a number of notes other than given by the time signature. For example a →triplet divides the next higher note value into three parts, rather than two. Tuplets may be: →triplets, →duplets, →quintuplets, and other.
      Upbeat
      See →pickup measure.
      Velocity
      The velocity property of a note controls how loudly the note is played. This usage of the term comes from MIDI synthesizers. On a keyboard instrument, it is the speed with which a key is pressed that controls its volume. The usual scale for velocity is 0 (silent) to 127 (maximum).
      Voice
      Polyphonic instruments like Keyboards, Violins, or Drums need to write notes or chords of different duration at the same time on the same →staff. To write such things each horizontal succession of notes or chords has to be written on the staff independently. In MuseScore you can have up to 4 voices per staff. Not to be confused with vocalists, singing voices like soprano, alto, tenor and bass, which are better viewed as instruments.
      Volta
      In a repeated section of music, it is common for the last few measures of the section to differ. Markings called voltas are used to indicate how the section is to be ended each time. These markings are often referred to simply as →endings.

      Kommandozeilenoptionen

        You can launch MuseScore from the command line by typing

        • mscore [options] [filename] (Mac and Linux)
        • MuseScore.exe [options] [filename] (Windows)

        [options] and [filename] are optional. For this to work the MuseScore executable must be in %PATH% (Windows) resp. $PATH (Mac and Linux). If it is not, see Revert to factory settings for detailed instructions on how and where to find and execute the MuseScore executable from the command line on the various supported platforms.

        The following options are available

        -?, -h, --help
        Display help (doesn't work on Windows)
        -v, --version
        Displays MuseScore's current version in the command line without starting the graphical interface (doesn't work on Windows)
        --long-version
        Displays MuseScore's current version and revision in the command line without starting the graphical interface (doesn't work on Windows)
        -d, --debug
        Starts MuseScore in debug mode
        -L, --layout-debug
        Starts MuseScore in layout debug mode
        -s, --no-synthesizer
        Disables the integrated software synthesizer
        -m, --no-midi
        Disables MIDI input
        -a, --use-audio <driver>
        Use audio driver: jack, alsa, pulse, portaudio
        -n, --new-score
        Starts with the new score wizard regardless of preference setting for start mode
        -I, --dump-midi-in
        Displays all MIDI input on the console
        -O, --dump-midi-out
        Displays all MIDI output on the console
        -o, --export-to <filename>
        Exports the currently opened file to the specified <filename>. The file type depends on the filename extension. This option switches to the "converter" mode and avoids any graphical interface. You can also add a filename before the -o if you want to import and export files from the command line. For example mscore -o "My Score.pdf" "My Score.mscz"
        -r, --image-resolution <dpi>
        Determines the output resolution for the output to PNG images in the converter mode. The default resolution is taken from Preferences, Export, PNG/SVG.
        -T, --trim-image <margin>
        Trims exported PNG and SVG images to remove surrounding whitespace around the score. The specified number of pixels of whitespace will be added as a margin; use 0 for a tightly cropped image. For SVG, this option works only with single-page scores.
        -x, --gui-scaling <factor>
        Scales the score display and other GUI elements by the specified factor, for use with high resolution displays.
        -D, --monitor-resolution <dpi>
        Specify monitor resolution, for use with high resolution displays (as of version 2.1).
        -S, --style <style>
        Loads a style file; useful when you convert with the -o option
        -p, --plugin <name>
        Execute the named plugin
        --template-mode
        Save template mode, no page size
        -F, --factory-settings
        Use only the standard built-in presets or "factory-settings" and delete preferences. For details, see Konfiguration zurücksetzen
        -R, --revert-settings
        Use only the standard built-in presets or "factory-settings", but do not delete preferences
        -i, --load-icons
        Load icons from the file system. Useful if you want to edit the MuseScore icons and preview the changes
        -j, --job <filename>
        Process a conversion job (as of version 2.1)
        -e, --experimental
        Enable experimental features. See e.g. Layer (experimental)
        -c, --config-folder <pathname>
        Set config path
        -t, --test-mode
        Enable test mode
        -M, --midi-operations <filename>
        Specify MIDI import operations file; See this example file: midi_import_options.xml
        -w, --no-webview
        No web view in Start Center
        -P, --export-score-parts
        Used with -o <filename>.pdf, export score and parts
        --no-fallback-font
        Don't use Bravura as fallback musical font
        -f, --force
        Used with -o, ignore warnings reg. score being corrupted or from wrong version (as of version 2.1)
        -b, --bitrate <bitrate>
        Used with -o <filename>.mp3, sets bitrate in kbps (as of version 2.1)
        -E, --install-extension <extension file>
        Install an extension, load soundfont as default unless if -e is passed too (as of version 2.3)

        Qt Toolkit Options

        -style= <style>
        -style <style>
        Determines the style of the GUI application. Possible values are "motif", "windows" and "platinum". Depending on the platform other styles may be available
        -stylesheet= <stylesheet>
        -stylesheet <stylesheet>
        Sets the application stylesheet. The value of "stylesheet" is a path to a file that contains the stylesheet
        -platform <platformname[:options]>
        Specifies the Qt Platform Abstraction (QPA) plugin.
        Example: MuseScore.exe -platform windows:fontengine=freetype

        See also

        Table of Contents

        Getting started

        Grundlagen

        Notation

        Sound and playback

        Text

        Formatting

        Advanced topics

        New features in MuseScore 2.0

        Support

        Appendix