Published on MuseScore.org

Компоновка и форматирование

    Параметры компоновки и форматирования партитуры доступны из меню Формат.

    Способы повлиять на компоновку

    Основные команды и диалоговые окна, влияющие на компоновку, перечислены ниже. Другие параметры форматирования описаны ниже на этой странице (но для текста см. Стили и свойства текста).

    Другие команды:

    Style

    The Style submenu contains dialogs which allow you to adjust the global formatting of many score elements. To open Style use any of the following options:

    The Style dialogs are as follows:

    Score

    To open the Score dialog, select Format→Style…→Score.

    This dialog allows you to set global properties, such as the music font, display of multimeasure rests, whether or not to hide empty staves, swing playback etc.

    If you prefer to set swing on the score page, see Swing.

    Page

    To open the Page dialog, select Format→Style...→Page.

    This dialog allows you to adjust the overall layout of your score by changing the spacing of margins, systems, staves, lyrics lines, and frames. You can also control the display of key signatures, time signatures, and clefs.

    The diagram below is a guide to various parameters under the control of this dialog:

    Score layout

    Note: To alter the space above one particular staff see Extra distance above staff (Staff properties).

    The following check boxes allow you to control the display of clefs, time signatures, and key signatures—including the courtesy kind.

    Sizes

    To open the Sizes dialog, select Format→Style...→Sizes.

    Sets the proportional size of "small" notes and grace notes, as well as small staves and small clefs. Changing this would be unusual.

    To open the Header, Footer dialog, select Format→Style...→Header, Footer.

    This allows you to add header and footer text using meta tags (see Score properties)—such as page numbers, page headers, copyright information etc. For example, you can create different Headers and Footers for even and odd pages, such as putting page numbers on the right for odd-numbered pages and on the left for even-numbered pages.

    If you hover with your mouse over the Header or Footer text region, a list of macros will appear, showing their meaning, as well as the existing meta tags and their content.

    To create a header or footer for an individual part, that part needs to be the active tab. To create a header or footer for a score with linked parts, make sure the main score is in the active tab.

    Measure Numbers

    To open the Measure Numbers dialog, select Format→Style...→Measure Numbers.

    This allows you to specify whether measure numbers will appear in the score, and, if so, at what intervals.

    System

    To open the System dialog, select Format→Style...→System.

    This dialog allows you to adjust certain properties of all systems.

    Brackets:

    See also Brackets.

    Dividers:

    Clefs

    To open the Clefs dialog, select Format→Style...→Clefs.

    Choose the style of the default tablature clef: Standard or Serif.

    Accidentals

    To open the Accidentals dialog, select Format→Style...→Accidentals.

    Allows you to specify how the score displays key signature accidentals at key changes. See Naturals on key signature changes.

    Measure

    To open the Measure dialog, select Format→Style...→Measure.

    For details, see Measure.

    Barlines

    To open the Barlines dialog, select Format→Style...→Barlines.

    Other properties allow you to set the thickness of "thin," "thick" and double barlines, the distance between double barlines, and the repeat barline to dot distance.

    Notes

    To open the Notes dialog, select Style→General...→Notes. The dialog can also be opened direct from the score by right-clicking on any note and selecting "Style…"

    Here you can adjust the distance and thickness of note-related objects (stems, ledger lines, dots, accidentals). Changing these would be unusual.

    Beams

    To open the Beams dialog, select Style→General...→Beams.

    This allows you to set the overall properties of note beams in the score:

    Ticking the Flatten all beams option means that all note beams will be horizontal only—not sloped.

    Tuplets

    To open the Tuplets dialog, select Format→Style...→Tuplets.

    Vertical Distance from Notes:

    Horizontal distance from notes:

    Brackets:

    Properties:

    Arpeggios

    To open the Arpeggios dialog, select Format→Style...→Arpeggios.

    Here you can change the distance to note, line thickness, and hook length of the following arpeggio and strum symbols:

    Arpeggio and strum symbols

    Slurs/Ties

    To open the Slurs/Ties dialog, select Format→Style...→Slurs/Ties.

    Hairpins

    To open the Hairpins dialog, select Format→Style...→Hairpins.

    Here you can set the default properties of hairpins (crescendo and decresendo lines):

    Volta

    To open the Volta dialog, select Format→Style...→Volta.

    Here you can set the default properties of voltas:

    Ottava

    To open the Ottava dialog, select Format→Style...→Ottava.

    Here you can set the default properties of ottavas (octave lines):

    Pedal

    To open the Pedal dialog, select Format→Style...→Pedal.

    Here you can set the default properties of pedal lines:

    Trill

    To open the Trill dialog, select Format→Style...→Trill.

    Here you can set the default placement of Trill lines:

    Vibrato

    To open the Vibrato dialog, select Format→Style...→Vibrato.

    Here you can set the default placement of Vibrato lines:

    Bend

    To open the Bend dialog, select Format→Style...→Bend.

    Here you can set the display properties of Bends. This includes the line thickness, arrow width and font properties.

    Text Line

    To open the Text Line dialog, select Format→Style...→Text Line.

    Here you can set the default placement of text lines:

    Articulations, Ornaments

    To open the Articulations, Ornaments dialog, select Format→Style...→Articulations, Ornaments.

    This dialog allows you set the default placement distances and size (as a percentage) of articulations and ornaments.

    Fermatas

    To open the Fermatas dialog, select Format→Style...→Fermatas.

    This dialog allows you set the default placement of fermatas.

    Staff Text

    To open the Staff text dialog, select Format→Style...→Staff Text.

    This dialog allows you set the default placement and autoplacement properties of staff text.

    Tempo Text

    To open the Tempo text dialog, select Format→Style...→Staff Text.

    This dialog allows you set the default placement and autoplacement properties of tempo text.

    Lyrics

    To open the Lyrics dialog, select Format→Style...→Lyrics.

    Lyrics Style dialog

    Lyrics Text

    Lyrics Dash

    Lyrics melisma

    See also, Melismas.

    Dynamics

    To open the Dynamics dialog, select Format→Style...→Dynamics.

    This dialog allows you set the default placement and autoplacement properties of dynamics.

    Rehearsal Marks

    To open the Rehearsal Marks dialog, select Format→Style...→Rehearsal Marks.

    This dialog allows you set the default placement and autoplacement properties of rehearsal marks.

    Figured Bass

    To open the Figured Bass dialog, select Format→Style...→Figured Bass.

    This allows you to set the default font, style, alignment and position of figured bass.

    Chord Symbols

    To open the Chord Symbols dialog, select Format→Style...→Chord Symbols.

    This section allows you to adjust the format and positioning of chord symbols:

    Appearance:

    Note spelling:

    Positioning:

    Capo:

    Fretboard Diagrams

    To open the Fretboard Diagrams dialog, select Format→Style...→Fretboard Diagrams.

    This section allows you to adjust the format and positioning of Fretboard diagrams.

    Text Styles

    To open the Text Styles dialog, select Format→Style...→Text Styles.

    This dialog allows you to set the formatting of all text styles. Individual text styles can also be set from the Inspector.

    OK / Cancel / Apply buttons

    Any changes made in the Style dialog are immediately applied to the score, but can be rescinded at any time by pressing Cancel—which also exits the dialog. Press OK to save your changes to the score and close the window.

    If you are making formatting adjustments in an instrument part, use the Apply to all Parts button to apply all changes to all parts in the score.

    Page Settings...

    See Page settings.

    Add / Remove System breaks

    This tool adds or removes system breaks over all or part of the score:

    1. Select a range of measures: if no selection is made, the command is applied to the whole score.

    2. Choose Format→Add/Remove System Breaks…. The following dialog appears.

      Add/Remove Line Breaks

    3. Choose one of the following options:

      • Break systems every X (select number) measures;
      • Add system break at end of each system;
      • Remove current system breaks;
    4. Press OK.

    Stretch

    Used to increase, decrease or reset the horizontal spacing of notes within selected measures.

    Increase / Decrease layout stretch

    1. Select a range of measures. Or use Ctrl+A to select the whole score.
    2. Choose one of two options:
      • To increase stretch:
        • Use the shortcut } (right curly bracket) (Mac: Ctrl+Alt+9).
        • Or from the menu bar, select Format→Stretch→Increase Layout Stretch.
      • To decrease stretch:
        • Use the shortcut { (left curly bracket) (Mac: Ctrl+Alt+8).
        • Or from the menu bar, select Format→Stretch→Decrease Layout Stretch.

    Reset stretch

    To reset stretch to the default spacing of 1:

    1. Select a range of measures. Or use Ctrl+A to select the whole score.
    2. From the menu, select Format→Stretch→Reset Layout Stretch.

    See also Measure Properties: Layout stretch. This allows you to set the stretch more precisely.

    Reset Style

    To reset all text styles to the "factory" default settings:

    Reset Beams

    To restore beams to the mode defined in the local time signatures:

    1. Select the section of the score you want to reset. If nothing is selected, the operation will apply to the whole score;
    2. Select Format→Reset Beams.

    See also Beams.

    Reset Shapes and Positions

    The Reset Shapes and Positions command restores the default positions, note stem directions and shapes (slurs, ties etc.) for selected score elements. To apply:

    1. Select the elements or the region of the score that you wish to reset. Or use Ctrl+A to select the whole score.
    2. Press Ctrl+R; or, from the menu, select Format→Reset Shapes and positions.

    Load / Save style

    It is easy to transfer a complete set of styles (all General Style settings, all text styles, and page settings) from one score to the other using the Load/Save Style feature.

    To load a customized style:

    1. Go to Format→Load Style....
    2. Navigate to and select the Style file (.mss) and click Open (or double-click on the file).

    All existing styles in the score should update automatically.

    To save a customized style:

    1. Go to Format→Save Style....
    2. Name and save the style file (the default folder is set in your Preferences). Styles are stored as *.mss files.

    Note: You can also define a preferred style for scores and parts in the Score section of MuseScore's Preferences.

    See also