命令行参数

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    MSCORE(1) —通用指令手册页面

    主　语

    mscore, MuseScore3 — MuseScore 3 乐谱编辑器

    对　照　表

    您可以通过键入以下命令行来启动MuseScore：

    • mscore [参数] [文件名 …]（Mac与Linux/BSD/Unix）
    • musescore [参数] [文件名 …]（Linux/BSD/Unix）
    • MuseScore3.exe [参数] [文件名 …] （Windows）

    [参数]以及[文件名]皆非必须的。要使其工作，MuseScore可执行文件必须在%路径%（Windows）中，或是（Mac与Linux下）相应的$路径。如果依旧不行，请参阅 恢复到工厂设置以获得在各种受支持平台上从命令行查找和执行MuseScore可执行文件的详细说明。

    以下是详细对照表：

    mscore [-deFfhIiLmnOPRstvw]
    [-a | --use-audio driver]
    [-b | --bitrate bitrate]
    [-c | --config-folder pathname]
    [-D | --monitor-resolution DPI]
    [-E | --install-extension extension file]
    [-j | --job file.json]
    [-M | --midi-operations file]
    [-o | --export-to file]
    [-p | --plugin name]
    [-r | --image-resolution DPI]
    [-S | --style style]
    [-T | --trim-image margin]
    [-x | --gui-scaling factor]
    [--debug]
    [--diff]
    [--dump-midi-in]
    [--dump-midi-out]
    [--experimental]
    [--export-score-parts]
    [--factory-settings]
    [--force]
    [--help]
    [--layout-debug]
    [--load-icons]
    [--long-version]
    [--new-score]
    [--no-fallback-font]
    [--no-midi]
    [--no-synthesizer]
    [--no-webview]
    [--raw-diff]
    [--revert-settings]
    [--run-test-script]
    [--score-media]
    [--score-mp3]
    [--score-parts-pdf]
    [--template-mode]
    [--test-mode]
    [--version]
    [file ...]

    解　释

    MuseScore 是一个免费、开源、所见即所得、跨平台、多语言的作曲与记谱软件，在GNU通用公共许可证（GPLv2）下发布。

    运行mscore时不添加任何额外的参数将启动完整的MuseScore图形界面程序并打开命令行中指定的任何文件。

    The options are as follows:

    -a | --use-audio driver

    Use audio driver: one of jack, alsa, portaudio, pulse

    -b | --bitrate bitrate

    Set MP3 output bitrate in kbit/s

    -c | --config-folder pathname

    Override configuration and settings directory

    -D | --monitor-resolution DPI

    Specify monitor resolution (override autodetection)

    -d | --debug

    Start MuseScore in debug mode

    -E | --install-extension extension file

    Install an extension file; soundfonts are loaded by default unless -e is also specified

    -e | --experimental

    Enable experimental features, such as layers

    -F | --factory-settings

    Use only the standard built-in presets (“factory settings”) and delete user preferences; compare with the -R option (see also Revert to factory settings)

    -f | --force

    Ignore score corruption and version mismatch warnings in “converter mode”

    -h | --help

    Display an overview of invocation instructions (doesn’t work on Windows)

    -I | --dump-midi-in

    在控制台显示所有MIDI输入

    -i | --load-icons

    从文件系统加载图标；如果您想编辑MuseScore图标并预览更改，这非常有用

    -j | --job file.json

    Process a conversion job (see EXAMPLES below)

    -L | --layout-debug

    以layout debug模式启动MuseScore

    -M | --midi-operations file

    Specify MIDI import operations file (see EXAMPLES below)

    -m | --no-midi

    禁用MIDI输入

    -n | --new-score

    Start with the New Score wizard regardless whether it’s enabled or disabled in the user preferences

    -O | --dump-midi-out

    在控制台显示所有MIDI输出

    -o | --export-to file

    Export the given (or currently opened) file to the specified output file. The file type depends on the extension of the filename given. This option switches to “converter mode” and avoids the graphical user interface.

    -P | --export-score-parts

    When converting to PDF with the -o option, append each part’s pages to the created PDF file. If the score has no parts, all default parts will temporarily be generated automatically.

    -p | --plugin name

    Execute the named plugin

    -R | --revert-settings

    Use only the standard built-in presets (“factory settings”) but do not delete user preferences; compare with the -F option

    -r | --image-resolution DPI

    Set image resolution for conversion to PNG files. Default: 300 DPI (actually, the value of “Resolution” of the PNG option group in the Export tab of the preferences)

    -S | --style style

    Load a style file first; useful for use with the -o option

    -s | --no-synthesizer

    Disable the integrated software synthesizer

    -T | --trim-image margin

    Trim exported PNG and SVG images to remove whitespace surrounding the score. The specified margin, in pixels, will be retained (use 0 for a tightly cropped image). When exporting to SVG, this option only works with single-page scores.

    -t | --test-mode

    Set test mode flag for all files

    -v | --version

    Display the name and version of the application without starting the graphical user interface (doesn’t work on Windows)

    -w | --no-webview

    Disable the web view component in the Start Centre

    -x | --gui-scaling factor

    Scale the score display and other GUI elements by the specified factor; intended for use with high-resolution displays

    --diff

    Print a conditioned diff between the given scores

    --long-version

    Display the full name, version and git revision of the application without starting the graphical user interface (doesn’t work on Windows)

    --no-fallback-font

    Don’t use Bravura as fallback musical font

    --raw-diff

    Print a raw diff between the given scores

    --run-test-script

    Run script tests listed in the command line arguments

    --score-media

    Export all media (except MP3) for a given score as a single JSON document to stdout

    --score-mp3

    Generates an MP3 for the given score and exports it as a single JSON document to stdout

    --score-parts-pdf

    Generates parts data for the given score and exports it as a single JSON document to stdout

    --template-mode

    Save files in template mode (e.g. without page sizes)

    MuseScore also supports the automatic Qt command line options.

    Batch conversion job JSON format

    The argument to the -j option must be the pathname of a file comprised of a valid JSON document honoring the following specification:

    • The top-level element must be a JSONArray, which may be empty.

    • Each array element must be a JSONObject with the following keys:

      • in: Value is the name of the input file (score to convert), as JSONString.
      • plugin: Value is the filename of a plugin (with the .qml extension), which will be read from either the global or per-user plugin path and executed before the conversion output happens, as JSONString. Optional, but at least one of plugin and out must be given.
      • out: Value is the conversion output target, as defined below. Optional, but at least one of plugin and out must be given.

    • The conversion output target may be a filename (with extension, which decided the format to convert to), as JSONString.

    • The conversion output target may be a JSONArray of filenames as JSONString, as above, which will cause the score to be written to multiple output files (in multiple output formats) sequentially, without being closed, re-opened and re-processed in between.

    • If the conversion output target is a JSONArray, one or more of its elements may also be, each, a JSONArray of two JSONStrings (called first and second half in the following description). This will cause part extraction: for each such two-tuple, all extant parts of the score will be saved individually, with filenames being composed by concatenating the first half, the name (title) of the part, and the second half. The resulting string must be a valid filename (with extension, determining the output format). If a score has no parts (excerpts) defined, this will be silently ignored without error.

    • 以下是有效的输出文件扩展后缀：

      flac
      __F__ree __L__ossless __A__udio __C__odec免费无损音频编译器（压缩音频）
      metajson
      various score metadata (JSON)
      mid
      标准MIDI文件
      mlog
      internal file sanity check log (JSON)
      mp3
      MPEG Layer III（有损压缩音频）
      mpos
      __m__easure __pos__itions小节位置 (XML)
      mscx
      未经压缩的MuseScore文件
      mscz
      压缩的MuseScore文件
      musicxml
      未经压缩的MusicXML文件
      mxl
      压缩的MusicXML文件
      ogg
      OGG Vorbis（有损压缩音频）
      pdf
      __p__ortable __d__ocument __f__ile便携式档案文件（用于印刷）
      png
      portable network graphics (image) — Individual files, one per score page, with a hyphen-minus followed by the page number placed before the file extension, will be generated.
      spos
      __s__egment __pos__itions区段位置（XML）
      svg
      __s__calable __v__ector __g__raphics ()
      wav
      RIFF Waveform (uncompressed audio)
      xml
      uncompressed MusicXML file

    See below for an example.

    ENVIRONMENT

    SKIP_LIBJACK
    Set this (the value does not matter) to skip initialization of the JACK Audio Connection Kit library, in case it causes trouble.
    XDG_CONFIG_HOME
    User configuration location; defaults to ~/.config if unset.
    XDG_DATA_HOME
    User data location; defaults to ~/.local/share if unset.

    Note that MuseScore also supports the normal Qt environment variables such as QT_QPA_GENERIC_PLUGINS, QT_QPA_PLATFORM, QT_QPA_PLATFORMTHEME, QT_QPA_PLATFORM_PLUGIN_PATH, QT_STYLE_OVERRIDE, DISPLAY, etc.

    文　件

    /usr/share/mscore-3.0/ contains the application support data (demos, instruments, localization, system-wide plugins, soundfonts, styles, chords, templates and wallpapers). In the Debian packages, system-wide soundfonts are installed into /usr/share/sounds/sf2/, /usr/share/sounds/sf3/ or /usr/share/sounds/sfz/, respectively, instead.

    The per-user data (extensions, plugins, soundfonts, styles, templates) and files (images, scores) are normally installed into subdirectories under ~/MuseScore3/ but may be changed in the configuration. Note that snapshot, alpha and beta versions use MuseScore3Development instead of MuseScore3 in all of these paths.

    $XDG_CONFIG_HOME/MuseScore/MuseScore3.ini contains the user preferences, list of recently used files and their locations, window sizes and positions, etc. See above for development version paths.

    $XDG_DATA_HOME/data/MuseScore/MuseScore3/ contains updated localization files downloaded from within the program, plugin information, cached scores, credentials for the musescore.com community site, session information, synthesizer settings, custom key and time signatures and shortcuts. See above for development version paths.

    范　例

    Convert a score to PDF from the command line

    mscore -o 'My Score.pdf' 'My Score.mscz'

    Run a batch job converting multiple documents

    mscore -j job.json

    This requires the file job.json in the current working directory to have content similar to the following:

    [
  {
    "in": "Reunion.mscz",
    "out": "Reunion-coloured.pdf",
    "plugin": "colornotes.qml"
  },
  {
    "in": "Reunion.mscz",
    "out": [
      "Reunion.pdf",
      [ "Reunion (part for ", ").pdf" ],
      "Reunion.musicxml",
      "Reunion.mid"
    ]
  },
  {
    "in": "Piece with excerpts.mscz",
    "out": [
      "Piece with excerpts (Partitura).pdf",
      [ "Piece with excerpts (part for ", ").pdf" ],
      "Piece with excerpts.mid"
    ]
  }
]

    The last part of the job would, for example, cause files like “Piece with excerpts (part for Violin).pdf” to be generated alongside the conductor’s partitura and a MIDI file with the full orchestra sound, whereas the equivalent part of the Reunion conversion will be silently ignored (because the Reunion piece (a MuseScore demo) has no excerpts defined).

    MIDI import operations

    The attached midi_import_options.xml is a sample MIDI import operations file for the -M option.

    诊　断

    The mscore utility exits 0 on success, and >0 if an error occurs.

    另　见

    fluidsynth(1), midicsv(1), timidity(1), qtoptions(7)

    https://musescore.org/handbook

    Online Handbook, full user manual

    https://musescore.org/forum

    Support Forum

    https://musescore.org/en/node/278582

    Reverting to factory settings (troubleshooting)

    https://musescore.org/project/issues

    Project Issue Tracker — Please check first to if the bug you’re encountering has already been reported. If you just need help with something, then please use the support forum instead.

    http://doc.qt.io/qt-5/qguiapplication.html#supported-command-line-optio…

    Documentation of automatic Qt command line options

    标　准

    MuseScore attempts to implement the following standards:

    • MusicXML 3.1 (score interchange format)
    • SF2 (SoundFont 2.01)
    • SF3 (SoundFont with OGG Vorbis-compressed samples)
    • SFZ (Sforzato soundfont)
    • SMuFL (Standard Music Font Layout 1.20)

    历　史

    MuseScore was split off the MusE sequencer in 2002 and has since become the foremost Open Source notation software.

    作　者

    MuseScore is developed by Werner Schweer and others.

    This manual page was written by mirabilos <tg@debian.org>.

    CAVEATS

    The automatic Qt command line options are removed from the argument vector before the application has a chance at option processing; this means that an invocation like mscore -S -reverse has no chance at working because the -reverse is removed by Qt first.

    漏　洞

    • MuseScore does not honor /etc/papersize.

    • Probably some more; check the project’s bug tracker (cf. SEE ALSO).

    MuseScore — December 18, 2018

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