本章重点介绍乐器设置和基本乐谱信息设置。您应该已经熟悉了 Musescore 的基本工作流程,该工作流程在快速入门教程创建您的第一个乐谱中有所涵盖。
在 Musescore 中,一个乐器是一个抽象概念,包含了指法谱或五线谱(参见页面布局概念:谱表),记谱风格(谱号、符头等)、音乐行为(移调、演奏范围)以及为 Musescore 合成器创建的播放音频相关的设置。
一个 Musescore 乐器包含可以代表单个或多个真实世界乐器的五线谱,例如在贝多芬的《交响曲第3号,作品55》中,由Cianchettini&Sperati出版,n.d.[1809]伦敦的第三谱表Corni 1 & 2 in Eb代表两个法国号:
要转录此内容,您应该添加一个Musescore乐器“圆号”并选择Eb调,同时将其重命名,命名不影响播放。
Musescore 支持很多真实世界的乐器、乐器组、人声和合唱,有几种方式:
也可以使用从模板创建新的乐谱,您还可以在任何分谱中设置乐器。
MuseScore 包含500多种乐器,请参阅 https://musescore.org/en/instruments。要向我们建议添加缺失的乐器,请参阅 https://musescore.org/en/contribute。
创建新乐谱时,您可以在新建乐谱对话框中单击打开选择乐器选项卡。在"创建乐谱后更改乐器"中提到的某些方法也会打开此窗口。
乐器按左侧乐器族标题下的下拉菜单中显示的类型/流派进行过滤。默认情况下选择“常见”,这会显示您可能需要的一些最常见的乐器或音色。注意:要显示所有可用的乐器,必须选择“全部乐器”。
乐器按其所属的乐器族分组。如果您知道您要查找的乐器/音色,只需在乐器标题下的搜索栏中输入其名称或部分名称即可。按下清除按钮(X)清除选择。
要向您的乐谱添加乐器:
或
乐谱上的谱表按照右侧您的乐谱标题下显示的顺序排列。次序 … 下拉菜单会显示当前使用的谱表顺序预设。
独奏乐器的排序顺序在乐谱上与其他乐器是不一样的。例如,在“管弦乐队”预设中,独奏者位于弦乐之上。独奏并不意味“乐谱上只有一个”。
您可以在您的乐谱标题下的次序 …下拉列表中选择样式。
要将乐器(其所有谱表)重新排列独奏:
要手动更改乐器的顺序:
要从您的乐谱中删除乐器:
或
您还可以通过首先按住Shift并选择多个乐器,然后单击垃圾桶图标一次删除多个乐器。
您也可以用预置好的模板创建乐谱。模板根据音乐风格或编制分为多个类别。模板中有这种编制通常使用的乐器,乐器的顺序和排版也符合惯例。
要从模板创建乐谱:
您还可以在搜索栏中搜索所有可用的模板。
访问Templates and styles了解更多模板信息,包括如何创建自己的模板。
在新建乐谱对话框中单击下一步以指定附加乐谱信息屏幕中的其他信息,例如调号、拍号、速度、起始小节(弱起小节)和小节数。
请注意,这是在创建新乐谱时添加信息的一种方便方法,但不是唯一的方法。您可以随时使用其他方法修改乐谱的附加信息,例如键盘快捷键、使用符号面板、项目属性等。
默认情况下,新的乐谱创建时带有一个不带升降号的调号(C大调)。单击调号下的按钮指定不同的调号。默认显示大调,可以通过选择小调选项卡显示小调。
创建新乐谱时拍号默认为 4/4 拍。单击拍号下的按钮更改此设置。使用文本框中的箭头更改每小节的拍数,右边的下拉菜单选择以几分音符为一拍。您也可以在弹窗中选择 common(C拍号,4/4拍)和cut-common(¢拍号,2/2拍)两种拍号。
默认情况下,新的乐谱将以每分钟120个四分音符的速度播放。新乐谱中不会自动包含速度记号。
要自定义起始播放速度,并在最上面的五线谱上显示速度记号:
在速度记号中了解更多关于速度文本、节拍标记和播放速度的信息。
新的乐谱创建时默认有32个小节且没有弱起。要更改新乐谱的起始小节数:
您可以在这里找到如何在创建乐谱之后增加或删除小节。
若要让乐谱以弱起开始:
您随时可以创建弱起小节。你可以在这里找到如何在创建乐谱之后增加Pickup and non-metered measures。
在新建乐谱对话框底部的文本框中输入文本,MuseScore 将自动以适当的格式将其放置在您的新乐谱中。您可以为乐谱输入文本标签:
此信息也同时成为乐谱的项目属性(文件菜单中)中的数据,您可以随时更改它。
一旦您完成乐谱信息的输入,点击完成将会保存您的输入并创建乐谱。
以下是三种可以在创建乐谱后修改乐器的方法:
本章仅解释了在标准五线谱上的音乐创作,还请参阅指法谱和打击乐谱章节。
通过电脑键盘输入音乐既快捷又容易。要输入音符或休止符,只需选择一个时值,然后键入音名(A - G),或为休止符键入0(零)。您还可以使用鼠标,MIDI 键盘或 MuseScore 自己的虚拟钢琴键盘输入音符(详细信息见下文)。
MuseScore 支持几乎无限的撤销,所以你不必太担心输错。要撤销输入,只需单击工具栏最右边的撤销按钮,或使用标准键盘快捷键Ctrl+Z(Mac: Cmd+Z)。
本页的信息主要涵盖如何在标准五线谱上输入音符。其他类型乐谱的输入请参考指法谱和打击乐谱。
最常见的输入方法,也是本页面所教的方法是每次输入一个音符或休止符。在这里你可以找到其他输入音符的方法.
要在乐谱中添加音符或休止符,首先你应该选择开始添加的位置。你可以使用鼠标或键盘导航指令来选中。
接下来,您可以点击工具栏中的钢笔按钮或使用键盘快捷键N进入音符输入模式。屏幕上将会显示一个光标告诉您哪里将被插入音符。
如果您忘记在进入音符输入模式前选择一个输入起点,音符输入可能会从上一次输入音符的地方继续,或者是从一些其他的地方开始。因此在输入音符前,请确认光标在您预设的位置上。
进入音符输入模式后,您可以从前到后输入音符。首先您应该选择时值,然后输入音高或休止符。当您一个地方输完了音符,想要做一些其他的事情——例如在别的地方输入音符,添加记号,或执行其他操作(如复制或粘贴)——的时候,您可以单击音符输入按钮或者再次按N。您也可以按Esc返回到正常模式。
在音符输入模式下,您可以按照以下几种方法为下一个被输入的音符选择时值:
使用键盘快捷键1–9选择对应的时值
使用键盘快捷键可以高效地选择时值。最常见的时值是八分音符、四分音符、和二分音符,他们对应的键盘快捷键是4、5、6(数字小键盘的中间一行)。较短的时值用较小的数字表示,较长的时值用较大的数字表示。完整快捷键列表如下:
其他时值,例如复附点或一百二十八分音符,可以通过自定义工具栏或修改键盘快捷键输入。
注:如果您设置了对应的按键,您也可以使用 MIDI 键盘选择时值。
在选择了一个时值之后,您可以使用电脑键盘、鼠标、MIDI 键盘或虚拟钢琴键盘输入音符。
这几乎是 Musescore 里最高效的输入音高的方法。
只需在键盘上按下您想要输入的音的音名(A–G),您就可以轻松地输入音符。
使用这种方式输入的音符会替换掉光标处任何已有的音符或休止符。若您想要在现有音符或和弦中添加一个音,您需要在输入音符的时候按住Shift。您可以在下面的输入和弦部分学到更多信息。
当你通过音名输入音符的时候,Musescore 将自动选择最接近前一个音符的音高。如果您想要更大的跨度,您可以按Ctrl+↑或Ctrl+↓ (Mac:Cmd+↑或Cmd+↓)使刚才输入的音符升高或降低一个八度。
要使用鼠标输入音符,您需要将鼠标放置在五线谱中的您想要的线或间上,然后单击。鼠标光标将显示您即将输入的音符的预览,以帮助您准确地放置它。
如果在您输入音符的位置已经有一个存在的音符,新的音符将会添加在已有音符的上方或者下方。如果想要替换现有的音符,您可以在单击鼠标的同时按下Shift。
使用这种方法很难直接输入很高的或者很低的音,因为 Musescore 可能会以为您想要在上面或下面一个谱表输入音符。您可以尝试在高八度或低八度的位置输入对应的音符,然后通过按Ctrl+↑或Ctrl+↓(Mac:Cmd+↑或Cmd+↓)使您刚才输入的音高一个八度或低一个八度。
注:虽然一般情况下,音符是从前到后被输入的,但鼠标输入实际上允许您在现有乐谱中的任何一个位置输入音符。
如果您有一台 MIDI 键盘连接到您的电脑上,您可以通过按下对应的键输入对应的音符。
当您在 MIDI 键盘上输入音符时,如果您在输入下一个音符前完全松开上一个键,音符就会被连续地输入,否则,新的音符将会被添加到原有音符的上方或下方。
使用 MIDI 键盘输入的音符可能会自动使用变音号,但是这些变音号可能不符合您的预期。您可以通过按下J改变变音号的形式。
您也可以通过钢琴键盘窗口输入音符。您可以在视图→钢琴键盘或按下键盘快捷键P打开或关闭这个窗口。
要输入某个音高的音符,只需用鼠标单击对应的钢琴键。
与使用电脑键盘输入音符一样,以这种方式输入的音符会自动替换掉任何现有的音符或休止符。如果您想要创建和弦,请在输入音符的同时按下Shift。
注:如果您想改变虚拟钢琴键盘的大小,您可以先选中虚拟钢琴键盘窗口,然后按住Ctrl(Mac:Cmd)同时向上或向下滚动鼠标滚轮。
在本节中,和弦是指在同一时间开始的多个音符的组合,且这些音符都具有相同的时值且共用一个符干。
如果您希望输入两个音,但是它们的开始时间、持续时间或是结束时间不同,或不共享同一个符干,请参见声部。形如“Dm7”的文本是一个和弦记号,参见和弦记号.
就像输入单个音符一样,和弦可以通过电脑键盘、鼠标、MIDI 键盘或虚拟钢琴键盘被输入。除了在 MIDI 键盘上您可以一次演奏多个音符以外,音符输入仍然是一次一个,你需要以某种方式告诉 MuseScore 将它们组合成一个和弦,而不是按顺序添加它们。
当您使用Shift+A–G往和弦中添加一个音符的时候,该音符将被添加到光标处的任何一个已经存在的音符的上方。您也可以基于音程来输入音符。
休止符可以通过电脑键盘或鼠标被输入。选择休止符的时值的方式与选择音符的时值的方式相同(例如,您可以使用键盘快捷键1–9)。选择时值之后,您不需要像输入音符那样输入音高,而是:
使用鼠标:在乐谱上右键
标准的变音号(还原号、升号、降号、重升号、重降号)既可以在输入音符前被选中,也可以在现有的音符上被添加。
要想指定下一个被输入的音符的变音号,您可以点击乐谱上方的音符输入工具栏中的对应按钮或者使用对应的键盘快捷键。 这步操作既可以在选择时值之前完成,也可以在选择时值之前完成。
默认的键盘快捷键是:
与时值不同,变音号的选择仅对下一个被输入的音符有效。但是通常的记谱规则仍然适用,即如果你给一个音符加了降号,那么你在同一小节中输入的任何相同音高的后续音符也会被降音,即使它们没有明确的写在乐谱上的降号。
当你升高或降低被选中音符的音高时,合适的变音号会被自动添加到乐谱中:
您也可以通过点击符号面板→变音号中的适当图标向现有音符添加一个变音号。符号面板里面还包含了大量的微分音记号或是其他特殊的变音号。
尽管记谱规则确定同一小节内的同一个音共用变音号,下一个小节里的同一个音会回到到原来的音高,但无论如何,添加辅助 变音号可以帮助演奏者更顺畅地识谱。这不会改变音符的音高,所以它们不能够通过键盘快捷键↑和↓被添加。然而,您仍然可以使用前面所说的其他几种方法添加辅助变音号。
虽然辅助变音号不需要括号或者方括号,但是有一部分人仍然习惯给这些记号加一个括号。如果您想向一个变音号外围添加一个圆括号或者方括号,您需要暂时退出音符输入模式,然后在属性面板里面选择您想要的括号类型,或者在符号面板的变音号菜单里面的更多里面找到括号。
注:Musescore 还预装了一些插件,您可以使用它们来根据需要自动添加辅助变音号。
延音线是连接两个具有相同音高音符的曲线,表示了它们要作为一个组合音符被演奏。尽管延音线和圆滑线十分相似,但是您不应该将这两者混淆。圆滑线将不同音高的音符连接在一起,并表示不同的发音。
在 Musescore 里输入延音线十分容易,因为延音线总是出现在具有相同音高的音符之间。所以你不需要输入第二个音符的音高,只需要选择时值并输入延音线,Muesecore 会自动添加一个新的音符。要想创建一个延音线,你应该:
单击工具栏上的延音线按钮或使用键盘快捷键T
延音线会自动添加第二个音符,并直接将这个音符与第一个音符绑定。如果你选中的第一个音符是一个和弦的一部分,延音线会为第二个音符创建完整的一个和弦。和弦里的每个音与前面一个和弦完全相同,且每个对应的音之间用延音线连起来。
连线位置(可选)
在 MuseScore 4.1 版本之前,默认行为是将单个音符的连线绘制到外部(连接音符头部的顶部/底部),将和弦的连线绘制到内部(连接音符头部的右侧和左侧)。从 MuseScore 4.2 开始,单个音符和和弦的连线位置现在可以配置为任何方式;新乐谱的默认设置是所有连线都绘制在外部。除了全局风格设置(在 格式 > 样式 > 圆滑线与延音线 > 延音线 中),还可以为任何特定连线使用设置(通过 属性 > 延音线位置)。
注:尽管延音线通常用来连接相同声部中的两个相邻音符,但是 MuseScore 同样支持连接两个非相邻的音符,以及连接两个不同声部的音符。参见编辑音符和休止符。
MuseScore 的一个 声部 是谱表上的一行音乐,其节奏与同一谱表上的其他音乐独立。其他软件可能将其称为“层”。
“声部”在另一个意义上也可能指代声乐音乐中的音域——女高音、女中音、男高音、男低音等。重要的是不要混淆这两个含义,比如假定 SATB 合唱中的四个“声部”等同于 MuseScore 的“声部” 1–4(见下文);那就是把两者搞混了。
MuseScore 允许在一个谱表中 最多使用四个声部:声部1、声部2、声部3 和声部4。当在谱表上书写音乐时,通常从声部1开始,然后转到声部2。声部3 和声部4 较少使用。
同一谱表上的两个声部通常使用对立的符杆来表示——上声部符杆向上,下声部符杆向下:
在一个标准的 SATB 编配中,你会在上谱表上使用声部1和2,用于女高音和女中音,下谱表上使用声部1和2,用于男高音和男低音:
输入多个声部的第一步是确定你需要将音符作为 一个谱表 中的声部书写,还是将声部分布在 多个谱表 中,比如在钢琴的两个谱表中分布四个声部,或在 多个乐器 中分布四个声部。你应该考虑 MuseScore 的符号功能设计和你的制作需求,不要仅仅基于学术原因做出决定:
如果你决定需要将不同的声部作为不同乐器上的音符来书写,首先创建多个乐器,使用 创建乐谱:修改乐器,然后根据需要编辑谱表上的谱号,然后在 所有这些谱表上都使用声部1进行创作。 一个常见的例子是在四个乐器的声部1上书写四声部的 SATB 乐谱。
如果您需要将不同的谱表合成同一谱表中的不同声部,或者进行相反的操作,请参见 合并或分解谱表。一个常见的例子是 SATB 开放谱 <-> 短谱的转换,
要在一个声部中输入新的音符:
你可以重复这些步骤来将音符输入到其他声部中。
注意:要输入新的音符,请确保在选择所需声部之前处于 音符输入模式,否则你将 改变当前选择元素的声部。
注意:音符工具栏默认只显示声部1和2的图标。你可以使用工具栏上点击齿轮图标时出现的控件来使所有声部图标可见。有关更多信息,请参见 自定义音符输入工具栏 部分。
通常情况下,为了显示小节中的所有节拍,每个声部都包含全部的休止符。然而,这可能会导致乐谱看上去乱糟糟的。Musescore 会自动调整休止符的位置以避免休止符与其他声部中的音符发生冲突。但在某些情况下,您可能想要手动调节休止符的位置。在节拍足够清晰的情况下,您可能希望隐藏或删除一些不必要的休止符。
要隐藏、删除或调整这些休止符的位置以创建更好的布局,请使用以下方法之一:
可通过选择休止符并在 属性 面板中取消选中 可见 复选框,或使用键盘快捷键 V 来隐藏休止符。
声部2-4 中的休止符也可以通过选择它们然后按下 Delete 来删除。然而,这会留下声部中的“空洞”,以后可能很难编辑。要从声部中恢复丢失的休止符,你可以使用 工具→声部 中的命令来交换声部的内容与声部1的内容,这将再次填补空洞。然后您可以使用相同的操作将两个声部对调回去。
注意:为了确保每个小节持续的时间是正确的,第一声部中的休止符可以被隐藏,但是不可以被删除。
即使 MuseScore 会自动避免休止符与其他声部的音符发生冲突,有时候手动调整休止符的上下位置可以使得休止符到底归属于哪个声部变得更清楚。
要垂直移动休止符,您只需在选中那个休止符之后按下 Up 或 Down ,这会使休止符被移动一定的距离。
有关手动定位的更多信息,请参见 改变元素的位置。
你还可以在 格式→样式…→休止符 中将休止符和其他声部元素之间的默认垂直偏移量从1个间隔改为2个间隔。
最初输入到一个声部中的音符可以移到另一个声部中,具体取决于情况。有关更多信息,请参见 在正常模式下更改声部。
在节奏匹配的情况下,原本在多个声部中的音符可以被合并成一个声部中的和弦。有关更多信息,请参见 合并 命令。
将在一个声部中书写的和弦分成不同声部的单独音符时:
除了默认的阶跃时间音符输入模式,Musescore 还提供了几种其他的音符输入模式。
要想进入其他音符输入模式,您可以:
使用键盘的用户可以通过多次按下Shift+Tab或Shift+F6选中音符输入按钮。如果您使用了屏幕阅读器,它会朗读诸如"音符输入工具栏:默认(阶跃时间)"的话。您可以继续按下空格键以展开选择其他音符输入模式的菜单。
您也可以使用指定好的键盘快捷键直接进入这些音符输入模式(不会管理键盘快捷键?请看Keyboard shortcuts)。
请注意,您选中的音符输入模式会被 Musescore 记住。下一次进入音符输入模式的时候,Musescore 仍然会进入上一次您使用的的音符输入模式。所以如果您如果想要暂时使用重调现有音符的音高模式,别忘了在退出音符输入模式前切换回默认(阶跃时间)模式。
节拍编辑(非音高)音符输入模式让你可以在仅按一次键盘的情况下编辑音符的时值。这对于编辑单一音高的无音高打击乐器的乐谱十分有用。另外,在某些情况下,您还可以将节拍编辑模式和重调现有音符的音高模式混合使用以增加您的效率。
默认情况下,音符被输入到五线谱的中线上。你可以使用键盘的上下箭头微调刚才输入的音的音高,每一个新音符的音高跟前一个音符的音高相同。您也可以使用重调现有音符的音高模式快速地在一段已经输入节奏的乐谱上面修改音高。
重调现有音符的音高音符输入模式能让你在保持音符时值不变的情况下方便地改变音符的音高。
重调现有音符的音高模式可以让你非常高效地输入具有重复节奏的音乐片段。您可以直接复制粘贴节奏相同的段落,然后使用重调现有音符的音高模式改变音高。同样的技巧也可以用在一些共享节奏,但是音高不同的多乐器或声乐段落。
实时音符输入模式基本允许您在 MIDI 键盘(或 Musescore 的虚拟钢琴键盘)上演奏乐曲来输入音符。然而,您应该注意这个模式有以下的一些限制:
这些限制意味着 MuseScore 在计算应该如何将输入转换为五线谱时几乎不需要做猜测,这有助于保持产出的乐谱和您预期的相符。
在实时(节拍器)音符输入模式中,您需要听节拍器以一个固定的节拍演奏乐谱。您可以在菜单中改变节拍器的速度:编辑→偏好设置...→音符输入(Mac: MuseScore→偏好设置...→音符输入)。
一旦您松开了键盘,音符输入就停止了。如果您想要在松开键盘的情况下仍然让程序继续输入休止符,您可以使用实时增强快捷键启动或停止节拍器。
在实时(踏板)音符输入模式里,您可以通过按键盘或者踏板的方式自己打节拍。您可以以任何的速度演奏,而且你不需要维持一个恒定的节奏。默认用来打节拍的键(称作“实时增强”)是数字小键盘上的Enter(Mac:Fn+Return)但是我们强烈推荐您把这个快捷键设到 MIDI 键盘上的某个键或者踏板上。(见下方)。
“实时增强”快捷键是用来在实时(节拍器)音符输入模式中启动节拍器,或实时(踏板)音符输入模式插入一个所选时值的休止符。它被称作“实时增强”是因为它能使输入光标在乐谱中的位置向后移。
实时增强的默认按键是数字小键盘上的Enter(Mac:Fn+Return),但是我们强烈推荐您把这个快捷键通过 Musescore 的远程控制设到 MIDI 键盘上的某个键或者踏板上。您可以在下面菜单中找到 Musescore 的远程控制设置:编辑→偏好设置...→MIDI 映射(Mac:MuseScore→偏好设置...→MIDI 映射)。
另外,如果你有一个 USB 脚踏开关或电脑踏板,你可以将他们设置到数字小键盘上的 Enter 键。
插入音符输入模式能使您在两个音符之间插入音符或休止符,这会自动向前或向后移动插入点前后音符的位置。 小节时值会被自动修改。
要插入一个音符,您需要:
输入音符时,新的音符会被放置在用蓝色方框高亮的选中元素之前。被选中的元素和相同小节后续的元素都会自动向后移。您可以使用方向键→或←调整插入点,之后新的插入点将会被高亮显示。
另外,如果您只有一两个音符要被插入,您可以直接在默认的阶跃时间音符输入模式里在用鼠标或键盘(A-G)插入音符时使用键盘快捷键Ctrl+Shift(Mac:Cmd+Shift)。
要插入休止符,您可以首先插入所需时值的音符,然后按Delete。
要清除音符或休止符,您可以使用键盘快捷键Ctrl+Shift+Delete。小节长度会被自动缩短。此快捷键在阶跃时间和插入音符输入模式中均可用。
由于插入音符可能会导致小节时值增加或减少,使小节真正时长与拍号不符,因此当这种情况发生时,小节上方将显示一个小的“+”或“-”符号。
Musescore 允许您使用多种不同的方法插入或删除小节。小节可以被用以下几种方式插入:
您可以通过以下方式插入一个或多个小节:
您还可以通过以下方式插入一个或多个小节:
这个临时弹窗在你点击+按钮后仍然不会自动被关闭,所以你可以继续点击+按钮插入小节。
另外,你还可以通过下面几种方法插入小节:
您可以使用以下方法在您选中的选区之前快速插入一个小节:
您可以多次按下Ins插入多个小节。
您可以使用以下方法在您选中的选区之前插入多个小节:
如果您想要在乐谱末尾插入小节,您可以使用键盘快捷键Ctrl+B(Mac:⌘+B)插入一个小节,或者Alt+Shift+B(Mac:Option+Shift+B)插入多个小节。
您也可以向乐谱中的占位框前后插入小节:
您可以使用下述的键盘快捷键删除一个或多个小节:
或者,您也可以:
您也可以:
要想移除乐谱末尾的空小节,您可以:
一些其他与小节有关的页面:
不要与输入音符和休止符:音符输入模式中讲解的音符输入光标混淆
如果你需要对乐谱上的某些元素进行操作(例如复制),你需要先选中这些元素。在当前的 Musescore 中,乐谱上被选中的元素会用其所属的声部的颜色高亮显示,未选中的元素显示为黑色(译注:有时超过乐器音域的音符会被高亮为黄色或红色)。默认情况下声部1使用蓝色高亮,声部2使用绿色高亮,声部3使用橙色高亮,声部4使用紫色高亮。默认的颜色可以在编辑→偏好设置:高级下更改,详见偏好设置章节。
被选中元素的状态会被简要地显示在左下角的状态栏上,每当用户选择不同的元素时,状态栏会立刻显示新的元素信息。总共有四种选择状态:
许多常见操作,如复制和粘贴都需要进行范围选择。
下面两张图分别展示了“选中单个元素”(上图)和“范围选取”(下图)。
您可以用鼠标单击某个元素选中它。除了单击整个小节以外,单击元素总会只选中这一个元素。如果您在某谱表内单击了某个小节的空白处,Musescore 会自动范围选择该小节内部的多个对象。
要使用键盘选择单个元素,请使用光标键导航到该元素。在普通模式下(按键盘Esc键使用此模式),左右光标键← →只会导航到下一个(或前一个)音符或休止符。您可以使用Alt + 光标键导航到所有元素,包括所有的音符、装饰记号、力度符号和其他标记。
目前该特性无法使用(Musescore 4.2),如果您有能力并且乐意帮助我们,请点这里
当多个对象占据谱表上的相同位置并完全重叠时,例如两个音符具有相同音高但位于不同的声部时,您可以重复按Ctrl + 单击该位置,直到选中所需的元素。
一般来说,选择符头可以控制单个音符的大部分特性,例如改变音符的音高。另外,音符也包括符杆、符旗、符点、变音记号等一系列元素。每个元素都可以被单独选择,以便精调其布局位置。
您可以逐个选择单个和弦的多个音符以创建列表选择,也可以通过选中开始和结束的时间位置以创建范围选择。(参见下文)
许多常用的命令,包括复制和粘贴可以用于单个和弦,但是必须对其进行范围选择(如上图所示)。如果您只想范围选中某一个和弦,除了在创建范围选择部分中描述的方法之外,您也可以使用这个方法:首先确保当前没有选定任何内容(按Esc以确保),然后在和弦的任一音符头上按Shift+单击。
由于范围选择是根据时间位置自动选择的,因此其他声部中的音符可能会被包括,要明确排除它们,请参阅从范围选择中排除元素。
重复选区命令(R)适用于单个和弦,无论是对其的范围选择,还是确切选择的单个音符。请参阅复制和粘贴:重复选区章节。
您可以通过鼠标点击、拖拽选区或使用命令手动创建列表选择。
要将对象添加到列表选择中或将其删除,请按Ctrl(Mac: Cmd) + 单击该对象。这将将选择转换为列表选择。但是,不能使用这一方法选中或删去一整个小节。向范围选择中添加和删除元素也会将其转换为列表选择。
位于任何谱线区域之外并且不与其他元素重叠的元素可以一起使用鼠标拖拽选区进行选择。按Shift + 单击任何空白处(在谱线之外)并拖动鼠标以创建选择框。如果选区不包括任何音符或休止符,则这一操作会创建列表选择,否则会创建一个使用“开始和结束时间位置方法”的范围选择。
要选择整个谱表中或给定谱表中特定类型的所有元素:
要选择两个时间位置之间特定类型的所有元素:
—或—
要创建更复杂的相似元素选择:
对话框中可用的选项取决于您右键单击的元素类型。
与音符特定的选择选项有关的选项是:
除了特定于元素类型的选择选项外,对话框底部还有一些通用于所有元素类型的操作选项。这些控制所选元素的操作,一次只能选择一个:
范围选择能让 Musescore 自动在给定谱表的给定开始和结束时间位置之间选择有用的元素。
当选择范围不超出屏幕范围时,您可以按Shift + 单击任何空白处(在谱线之外)并拖动鼠标以创建选择框。范围选择至少需要包括一个音符或休止符。
适用于跨越多页的选择。
仅使用键盘或主要使用键盘:
可用的命令包括:
MuseScore 也提供一些特殊的命令来进行范围选择:
在执行对范围选择的操作之前,可以通过类型排除元素。例如,在复制音符、休止符等短语时排除歌词;或者在多声部乐段中仅保留声部1中的所有内容。要排除给定类型的元素:
请注意,如果排除声部1,则将无法选择缺少其他声部内容的任何小节。因此,在排除声部1,执行排除声部1的操作之后,请务必将其恢复。例如,如果您只希望复制并粘贴声部2,请进行范围选择,使用选择过滤器排除声部1,在使用编辑→拷贝或Ctrl+C之后,在尝试选择目标以粘贴之前,您必须将声部1的复选框恢复。
This chapter discusses the methods to edit music that already exists on a score. The reader should already be familiar with the music input method explained in the Entering notes and rests chapter.
To change notes (pitch, duration, time position, etc) and rests in a score, either use
Enter note input mode by pressing the pen icon in the toolbar, or using the keyboard shortcut N. A note input cursor will then be visible: the thin and tall light blue box spanning the whole staff, whose left border line is dark blue. The presence of the note input cursor indicates that Musescore is currently in note input mode.
In note input mode, use the keyboard arrow keys ← → to move the note input cursor position to the adjacent note or rest in the current staff.
There are two commands that alter the duration of an existing note or rest while in note input mode:
Both commands will first add or remove a dot if appropriate, then will move to the next larger or smaller note value. So for instance, pressing Shift+W on a quarter note changes it into a dotted quarter, and pressing Shift+W again changes it to a half note.
The commands for changing the pitch of a selected note while in note input mode are:
With the default input mode, step-time, notes and rests are entered one at a time. Step-time is based on the logic that, when a new note or rest is added by the user, the subsequent notes and rests adjust their duration (note value or length) automatically, without affecting the total number of beats in any measures.
An analogy would be "replace" or "overwrite" mode in a word processor such as Microsoft Word. To replace a note with a different one, enter the new note directly. The new note automatically overwrites what was there before, with no need to delete the old note first.
To add a new note and move subsequent notes so that they are not overwritten, either:
To delete a note and replace it with a rest, simply press Del.
Note: If you instead wish to move subsequent notes earlier to take the place of the deleted note, there is no need to first delete the original note. Simply move the subsequent notes directly using cut and paste.
Although for the most part, moving notes to a different time position is done in normal mode, there is one pair of commands that can be used to change the time position of a note or rest in certain cases while in note input. If you have two notes or rests of the same duration and you wish to exchange them while in note input mode, you can use Shift+← or Shift+→ to exchange a note or rest with its neighbor of the same duration.
Use normal mode by quitting from all other modes.
To quit note input mode if Musescore is currently in it, either press keyboard Esc, or click the note input button, or press N again. The note input cursor should not be visible afterwards. See "Making changes in note input mode" section.
To quit editing mode if Musescore is currently in it, press keyboard Esc. See main chapters Adjusting elements directly and Entering and editing text : Editing text object content.
Except where noted, the methods described below work on either a single selected note or rest, a list selection consisting of multiple notes or rests, or entire range selections. See the page on selections for more information.
To change the duration of one or more selected notes in normal mode to a specific note value, simply click the appropriate duration icon or use the keyboard shortcuts 1–9.
To increase the duration of a selected note, you can use the Shift+W command as described above. This adds an augmentation dot if one is not already present, or changes to the next longer note value if the note is already dotted. For example, an eighth note will be changed into a dotted eighth note, and a dotted quarter will be changed into a half note. You can also use W to double the duration, thus changing an eighth note into a quarter note directly, or a dotted eighth into a dotted quarter.
The commands Shift+Q and Q perform the opposite operation, decreasing or halving the duration in the same way.
All of these commands work on only a single selected note.
If you have entered a passage using eighths and sixteenths but wish to double the durations of all notes and rests—thus doubling the duration of the passage itself—see the section on the paste half/double duration commands.
The same commands that work to change pitch in note input also function in normal mode, including single, list, and range selections. These commands are:
In addition, when in normal mode, the accidental buttons on the Note input toolbar and corresponding keyboard shortcuts will toggle (add or remove) accidentals on any selected notes, thus potentially changing their pitch. The Accidentals palette can also be used to add accidentals to selected notes.
To delete a note and replace it with a rest, simply press Del.
If multiple notes are selected as a list, Del replaces them each by rests individually.
If you select a range, Del replaces the entire passage with the correct rests according to the meter.
Rests cannot normally be deleted, as removing them would leave a measure with fewer beats than it should have. However, see the remove selected range command below for information on how to do this when required. Also, rests in voices 2–4 can be deleted without removing time from a measure.
To completely remove selected notes or rests—thus leaving the piece with fewer measures if entire measures are selected, or fewer beats within the measure if a partial measure is selected—use Tools→Remove selected range or the keyboard shortcut Ctrl+Del (Mac: Cmd+Del).
Ties can be added in normal mode, but unlike in note input mode where the tie command automatically adds a note and creates a tie, in normal mode both notes must already exist.
To add a tie in normal mode:
This works even if the next note of the same pitch is in a different voice.
If you select multiple notes, MuseScore will start a tie at each of them. You can use the technique to tie entire chords at once.
This technique also allows you to tie notes that are not adjacent, such as to show an arpeggiate-and-hold pattern on piano.
A note entered into a given voice may be moved into another voice if this is musically possible, or the contents of two voices may be exchanged.
To move a selection of one or more notes into another voice, either press one of the voice buttons on the toolbar or use the keyboard shortcuts Ctrl+Alt+1–4 (Mac: Cmd+Option+1–4). Notes will be moved to the extent it is possible without compromising the current content of the destination voice.
A note can be moved into another voice if there is currently silence (rests, or nothing at all) in the destination voice at that time position for the duration of the note to be moved. In that case, the note will simply be moved to the new voice.
A note can also be moved into another voice if there is already a note or chord of the same duration starting at that time position. In that case, the note will be combined with the existing note or chord.
MuseScore can also exchange the contents of any pair of voices. These commands work only on full measures (or multiple measures), not on individual notes.
To exchange the contents of any two voices, use the corresponding command in Tools→Voices:
The cut, copy, and paste commands can be used to reproduce entire passages of music, to move music earlier or later, to copy text or other markings between staves, to exchange the content in different measures, and more.
In all cases, the first step is to select what you want to cut or copy.
As with other programs that support cut, copy, and paste, you can access these commands from the Edit menu, from a context menu that appears upon right-click or related gesture (e.g., Ctrl+click, or two-finger tap), or via the standard keyboard shortcuts.
Command | Shortcut (Windows) | Shortcut (Mac) | Context menu | Main menu |
---|---|---|---|---|
Cut | Ctrl+X | Cmd+X | Cut | Edit→Cut |
Copy | Ctrl+C | Cmd+C | Copy | Edit→Copy |
Paste | Ctrl+V | Cmd+V | Paste | Edit→Paste |
Swap with clipboard | Ctrl+Shift+X | Cmd+Shift+X | Swap with Clipboard | Edit→Swap with clipboard |
Paste half duration | Ctrl+Shift+Q | Cmd+Shift+Q | N/A | Edit→Paste half duration |
Paste double duration | Ctrl+Shift+W | Cmd+Shift+W | N/A | Edit→Paste double duration |
Note: When using the context menu, take care to always right-click on a selected item; if you right-click on an empty space by mistake your selection will be lost!
As explained in the Selecting Elements chapter, in a Range selection, Musescore automatically selects useful elements between given beginning and ending time positions across a given set of staves. These elements includes all of the notes, rests, Musescore Texts such as dynamics symbols, Musescore Lines such as pedal etc. System-wide elements such as Tempo, Time signatures, Repeats, Layout breaks are not included in the automatic selection, thus are not copied.
Upon pasting onto a destination time position, the copied music replaces all of its existing content, except for its original measure rhythm structure and system-wide elements.
Use the Paste command from the menu or press Ctrl+V (Mac: Cmd+V)
MuseScore also allows copying a single element, or a List Selection of multiple lyrics, chord symbols, dynamics, articulation, or other markings from one place to another, while keeping the content such as notes in the destination intact. Multiple notes List Selection cannot be copied.
MuseScore preserves the relative time positions of the markings based on literal note value distance if possible, measure rhythm is not taken into account. This includes case of copying chord symbols and dynamics. Valid note or rest anchors are required at the destination music when pasting lyrics and articulations.
Cut and paste commands can be used to
Measures (their rhythmic structure) cannot be moved, but see Adding and removing measures and Time signatures chapters. When moving List Selection, its elements' relative positions are preserved if possible, see "Copying a List Selection" section.
To move a selection:
The swap with clipboard command combines two operations into one: (1) First it overwrites a selected part of the score with the contents of the clipboard, just like the paste command; (2) Second, it transfers the overwritten part of the score back to the clipboard, just like the copy command.
It can be used, for example, to swap two equal-length sections of a score, A and B:
Like the other commands discussed here, you can access the swap with clipboard command from the menu or via a keyboard shortcut—in this case, it is Ctrl+Shift+X (Mac: Cmd+Shift+X).
A common use for copy and paste is to duplicate a given passage (including notes, chords etc) immediately after the original. Use the special repeat selection command to simplify this process.
This does not work on List Selection. It works on a single chord, either on a Range Selection of it, and when exactly one note of that chord is selected. See Selecting Elements chapter. In note input mode, this command repeats the entire chord that contains the current note. This is useful for creating a series of repeated chords.
If you wish to copy a passage to multiple staves—for instance, to double music of flute with oboes and clarinets—you can use the explode command:
This copies the original selection, assuming it contains only single notes—no chords and no multiple voices. If there are chords or multiple voices, then these are distributed among the remaining staves as described in the section on the explode command.
If you have entered a passage using mostly eighth notes but wish to halve the entire passage to using mostly sixteenth notes, or double it to quarter notes, MuseScore provides a pair of special commands to accomplish this. You can either modify the durations of a selection in place or create a separate copy of the passage with the modified durations. To halve or double the duration of a passage:
Individual elements—even those that are not selected automatically in a Range Selection, like time signatures or voltas—can be selected and then duplicated using a mouse.
When you release the mouse button, the selected element is copied to the new location
Musical symbols and text may be applied to your score using the Palettes panel. MuseScore comes with a set of preset palettes divided into categories—such as Key Signatures and Articulations etc. A basic working set of palettes is visible by default, but more advanced or specialist palettes can also be displayed if required.
You can add, delete, edit and rearrange items inside any palette, as well as create and customize your own palettes.
This chapter shows you how to display palettes, search for items, and how to apply palette symbols to your score. Customizing the palettes area is dealt with later in Palettes (Customization).
The Palettes panel is normally displayed on the left sidebar of the main window. There are three tabs displayed at the top of the sidebar: Palettes, Instruments, and Properties. If one of the other tabs is currently being displayed in the sidebar, click the Palettes tab to display the palettes instead.
You can open and close the Palettes panel using View→Palettes or the keyboard shortcut F9. If all of the panels in the sidebar are closed, the sidebar itself closes as well, allowing more room for the score display.
Like most other panels within MuseScore, the Palettes can also be undocked to function as a separate window.
To add a palette item to your score, first open the appropriate palette if it is not already open, by clicking its title or the arrow icon to the left. The items in that palette will be displayed in a grid.
in general, to apply palette items to your score, you can either select the target elements in the score and then click the palette item, or drag the item from the palette to a target element. See the section on searching and navigating below for information on applying palette items via the keyboard.
Many palette items—for example, articulations, dynamics, and most other text—can be applied to individual notes, rests, or other score elements. When using drag and drop, be sure to drag the palette item onto a specific score element, and do not release until the target element highlights to indicate it can accept the palette item.
It is usually more efficient, however, to select the target elements in your score first and then click the palette item. This is especially true if you wish to apply the same palette item to multiple score elements, since this method allows you can apply the palette item to multiple score elements at once.
To apply a palette to one or more score elements:
The palette item will normally be added to each of the selected elements. Note that with a range selected, when clicking a palette item representing text (including dynamics and tempo markings), the item will be added to the first element in the range only. System text (including tempo markings) will be applied to the top staff only; other text will be applied to the first selected element of each selected staff.
Palette items such as hairpins, slurs, ottavas, and pedal markings are applied to a range rather than a single note or rest. The process for adding them is the same:
Certain palette items such as barlines, time signatures, voltas, and layout breaks are normally applied to a measure as a whole—or a range of measures—instead of a specific note or rest. The process for adding these to the score is the same as for other palette items:
A palette can be opened (expanded) or closed (collapsed) individually by clicking on the title bars or the icon to the left of the title. In addition, you can expand or collapse all palettes at once, or let MuseScore close palettes automatically. To access these options, click the ... button at the top of the palette window to popup the palettes menu.
You can also search and navigate the palettes using your keyboard instead of a mouse.
To search for palette elements by name, use the keyboard shortcut Ctrl+F9 (Mac: Cmd+F9), or click the magnifying glass icon at the top of the Palettes panel.
This will display a search box. As you type characters into the box, MuseScore will display any matching palette items.
To close the search box, click the "X" icon.
The palettes are completely accessible by keyboard. The search facility described above is one method you can use to start the process, but you can also focus the keyboard on the Palettes panel by using Shift+F6 to move focus to the sidebar.
Once focus is on the palette panel, the ↑ and ↓ keys will move through the various individual palettes. You can then open and close a palette by pressing Enter. To access the elements with a palette, press → to access the palette, then ↑ and ↓ to move through the elements on the palette. Pressing Enter will apply element in the same way as clicking it.
Some palettes also contain additional elements that are not displayed by default. To access those, click the More button at the bottom right of the palette.
You can add any of these additional items to the main part of the palette by simply dragging. For more information, see Palettes under Customization.
The palettes that are shown by default are the ones most users will need often. But MuseScore provides additional palettes that you may also find useful.
To access these extra palettes:
Click the Add Palettes button at the top of the Palettes panel.
This will display a list of palettes you can add to your Palettes panel. To add any palette, click the + button next to the palette name.
Added palettes appear at the top of the panel. To reorder them simply drag them into position.
You can also create an empty custom palette that can be filled later with your own choice of elements.
The Master palette is MuseScore’s repository of all musical symbols; it also provide an alternative pathway for creating custom key signatures and custom time signatures.
To display the Master palette, use the keyboard shortcut Shift+F9, or from the menu select View→Master palette.
The Master palette window is divided into categories matching the names of the default palettes (whether displayed or hidden) in the Palettes panel; in fact, the contents of each small palette are drawn from the corresponding section of the Master. The exception is the Symbols category of the Master palette which contains items not found in the Palettes panel.
Items can be applied to the score from the Master palette in the same way as from the small palettes; however, aside from applying items from the Symbols section, it is usually better to do so from the Palettes panel.
Items found in all sections of the Master palette window, except "Symbols", are functional in that they have an effect on the score: Key and Time signatures, for example. However, items from the Symbols palette are non-functional—that is, they are for display only.
See also, the chapter on Other symbols.
The Properties panel shows layout and playback properties of the selected objects or selected characters inside Text object. When nothing is selected, it shows the properties of the score. It is an upgraded version of Inspector, it has the functionality of Text toolbar, see Entering and editing text chapter, and musescore 3 handbook Inspector , and Text editing chapters.
The Editing of the musescore 4 Handbook has also been changed. Properties customization is now explained in a different way than in Musescore 3 Handbook. They are explained inside a respective chapter that is most relevant. This chapter only discusses the panel, and the properties common to multiple objects. (To editors: feel free to move content to a most relevant chapter, if the property is not common to multiple objects)
Score properties are saved to score file (*.mscz). It is not to be confused with Workspaces.
When nothing is selected, the Properties panel shows the properties of the score.
Under the Show subheading,
Under the Score appearance subheading,
When one or more objects are currently selected, the Properties panel shows the layout and playback properties common to all of them. Under Notation section, press any of the [Object Type] buttons to narrow items presented to that object type only.
Some settings common to most objects:
Playback feature of dynamics symbols is under active developement, it may change drastically among software versions. Information provided here is valid for Musecsore 4.2 beta (November 2023). It could be outdated at the time of reading. Please help update this chapter.
Under the Playback button, the playback properties is shown, if the selected elements have them.
When Text object(s) are selected (the object, not the characters), the Properties panel shows the formatting settings of the Text object. Editing these properties changes the object, it may change all of the characters inside.
When character(s) inside a Text object are selected, the Properties panel shows the formatting settings of the characters. Editing these properties only changes the selected characters. See Formatting text chapter.
See the main chapter Templates and styles.
Under the ellipsis menu button (three dots menu button) adjacent to a property, there are two buttons:
This chapter explains methods to fine tune the literal positioning of elements on a score for layout purpose. The more common musical editing methods are explained in Entering and editing text, and Editing notes and rests chapters.
To fine tune the literal positioning of elements on a score, either
Use Edit mode.
To enter Edit mode, either
Then, in Edit mode, press the keyboard arrows ← → ↑ ↓ to move the object in step of 0.5 sp, or
Edit it directly, this method does not work on notes, rests, and elements added from "Master palette : Symbols" (see Other symbols chapter). Select element(s) on a score, press the keyboard arrow keys ← → ↑ ↓ to move in small steps (0.1 sp). In combination with Ctrl (Mac: ⌘), they are moved in large steps (1 sp).
Read more about spatium (sp.) in Page layout concepts chapter.
To change the shape of elements such as slurs and ties after adding them to the score:
Note that:
If you wish to change the note to which a slur or tie is connected, the recommended method is to use the keyboard shortcuts described above (Shift+←/→). This is the most efficient way of changing both the visual and playback range of notes encompassed by a slur or tie.
See also the main chapter Other lines.
To change the start and end points of a line:
As with slurs and ties, it is recommended to use Shift when adjusting line length with the arrow keys to ensure that the playback range also adjusts accordingly.
Although lines are horizontal by default, they can be set at any angle simply by dragging the start or end adjustment handles; or by selecting a start/end handle and using the Up/Down keyboard arrows.
To edit the displayed text of Text line objects ( such as "system text line", "staff text line", and "barré line", see Entering and editing text):
MuseScore 4 automatically creates a separate (default) part for every instrument in your score.
To open all parts at once:
To open an individual part:
You can also select specific parts to open at once. Do this by holding Control (Mac: ⌘) while selecting the parts you’d like to open, then click Open selected. You can also select a range of contiguous parts by clicking the first and holding Shift while clicking the last.
Click the X close button in a part tab to close a part.
Note that changes you make to a part will be saved with that part and retrievable the next time you open it from the Parts dialog.
The Parts dialog is tightly integrated with the new Instruments panel. This integration makes it easy for you to create parts with any combination of instruments from your score.
There are two ways to customize parts in MuseScore 4: using the default (i.e. ready-made) parts to reveal other instruments, and creating entirely new parts.
As we’ve already seen, MuseScore 4 automatically creates a new (default) part for every instrument in your score. All you have to do is open the part from the Parts dialog.
In fact, each default part already contains all of the instruments in your score – they’re simply hidden from view (except, of course, the chosen part instrument).
This means you can “reveal” other instruments within any of the default parts. To do this:
This instrument will now be visible in the chosen part.
This makes creating custom parts an incredibly flexible process. Revealing or hiding other instruments is completely non-destructive, meaning you can customize every instrument in every part, and hide or show only what you want to reveal to different players (or for different musical projects) without having to create entirely new parts each time.
MuseScore 4 does of course give you the option to create a completely "blank" part from scratch, allowing you complete customization control. To do this:
Your new part will now be open in the Score tab, but it will appear to contain no instruments. To add instruments to this part:
Sometimes it will be necessary to create individual parts from staves that contain multiple voices. You might, for example, want to extract separate parts for orchestral players who share a staff in the main score (E.g. Flute I and Flute II). Or you might wish to create individual vocal parts from choral scores where, for example, four voices are notated across two staves.
You'll need to first create (see above) or duplicate (see below) a part. To then select which voices will appear in a part:
Style settings for a wide range of engraving elements can be applied specifically to parts without affecting the main score.
To change style settings for a specific part:
Changes you make in this dialog will affect only the part selected in the Score tab. If you want changes to affect all parts (but not the main score), select Apply to all parts before clicking OK.
Learn more about saving and loading default style settings in Templates and styles.
(This section describes features that are new or considerably enhanced in MuseScore 4.2.)
When you make changes to the content of the score - adding or deleting an item, or changing pitches and durations of notes, for example - these changes are always reflected in the parts, and vice versa.
However, just as you can apply different styles to score and parts, you may want the properties (position, style/appearance) of certain items to differ between score and parts. Therefore:
When an item in a part is desynchronised, its colour when selected changes to orange and, according on which properties have been changed, the toggles which appear in the Properties panel under Score and part synchronisation will switch off:
Position refers to offset, leading space, minimum distance, autoplace, direction (up/down, above/below), alignment, and a few other properties specific to certain types. Style/appearance is, essentially, all other properties.
If you have made changes to an item in the part but wish to resynchronise that item with the score, you can turn these toggles back on to reset those properties to match the score.
Text items have a third toggle, Text, which allows you to control synchronisation of the content and formatting of a text item. Unlike other properties, this must be manually switched off before you make changes to a text item in a part which you do not want to be reflected in the score.
In some cases you may wish certain items to be in the score but not to appear in the parts at all, or to appear in a part but not in the score. This is not the same as simply making the item invisible, as invisible items sometimes affect the layout.
This option is available for frames, clef changes, ottava lines, staff text and system text. In the case of clefs and ottavas, excluding these items from one view will cause the notes there to be repositioned accordingly.
To exclude an item from parts:
To exclude an item from the score:
This all takes place in the Parts dialog (accessible from the Parts button in the toolbar).
Simply click the "three dots" menu icon next to a selected part to reveal its options. Note that only newly created parts (created by clicking the Create new part button) can be deleted. All parts can be duplicated or renamed.
To duplicate any part:
To rename any part:
Note you can also double click on any part in the Parts dialog to rename it.
To delete a newly created part:
When a part is deleted, its tab in the Score tab (if already opened) will be closed. Any customizations made to that part will also be lost. The part will also no longer appear in the Parts dialog.
To export parts:
Parts will be exported in the PDF format by default. To change the export format, select your preferred format from the dropdown menu in Export settings. You can export your parts in a range of image and audio formats, as well as the braille format for compatible printers. For more information, see File Export.
To print parts:
Note that parts can currently only be printed one at a time.
On macOS, make the following substitutions:
Action | Windows/Linux | macOS |
---|---|---|
Zoom in | Ctrl+= | Cmd+= |
Zoom out | Ctrl+- | Cmd+- |
Zoom to 100% | Ctrl+0 | Cmd+0 |
Go to first element in score | Ctrl+Home | Cmd+Fn+Left |
Go to last element in score | Ctrl+End | Cmd+Fn+Right |
Jump to next screen | PgDn | Fn+Down |
Jump to previous screen | PgUp | Fn+Up |
Jump to top of first page | Home | Fn+Left |
Jump to bottom of last page | End | Fn+Right |
Jump to next page | Ctrl+PgDn | Cmd+Fn+Down |
Jump to previous page | Ctrl+PgUp | Cmd+Fn+Up |
Find / Go to | Ctrl+F | Cmd+F |
Action | Windows/Linux | macOS |
---|---|---|
Select next chord | Right | Right |
Select previous chord | Left | Left |
Go to next measure | Ctrl+Right | Cmd+Right |
Go to previous measure | Ctrl+Left | Cmd+Left |
Select next element in score | Alt+Right | Option+Right |
Select previous element in score | Alt+Left | Option+Left |
Select note/rest above | Alt+Up | Option+Up |
Select note/rest below | Alt+Down | Option+Down |
Action | Windows/Linux | macOS |
---|---|---|
Note input: toggle note input mode | N | N |
Show/hide piano keyboard | P | P |
Use voice 1 | Ctrl+Alt+1 | Cmd+Option+1 |
Use voice 2 | Ctrl+Alt+2 | Cmd+Option+2 |
Action | Windows/Linux | macOS |
---|---|---|
Set duration | 1 – 9 | 1 – 9 |
Set duration: 32nd note | 2 | 2 |
Set duration: 16th note | 3 | 3 |
Set duration: 8th note | 4 | 4 |
Set duration: quarter note | 5 | 5 |
Set duration: half note | 6 | 6 |
Set duration: whole note | 7 | 7 |
Toggle duration dot | . | . |
Enter tuplet | Ctrl+2 – Ctrl+9 | Cmd+2 – Cmd+9 |
Enter tuplet: duplet | Ctrl+2 | Cmd+2 |
Enter tuplet: triplet | Ctrl+3 | Cmd+3 |
Enter tuplet: quadruplet | Ctrl+4 | Cmd+4 |
Add tied note | T | T |
Halve selected duration (includes dotted values) | Shift+Q | Shift+Q |
Double select duration (includes dotted values) | Shift+W | Shift+W |
Action | Windows/Linux | macOS |
---|---|---|
Enter note | A – G | A – G |
Add note to chord | Shift+A – Shift+G | Shift+A – Shift+G |
Enter interval | Alt+1 – Alt+9 | Option+1 – Option+9 |
Toggle accidental: flat | - | - |
Toggle accidental: natural | = | = |
Toggle accidental: sharp | + | + |
Enter rest | 0 | 0 |
Add grace note: acciaccatura | / | / |
Action | Windows/Linux | macOS |
---|---|---|
Set duration (TAB) | Shift+0 – Shift+9 | Shift+0 – Shift+9 |
Set duration: 32nd note (TAB) | Shift+2 | Shift+2 |
Set duration: 16th note (TAB) | Shift+3 | Shift+3 |
Set duration: 8th note (TAB) | Shift+4 | Shift+4 |
Set duration: quarter note (TAB) | Shift+5 | Shift+5 |
Set duration: half note (TAB) | Shift+6 | Shift+6 |
Set duration: whole note (TAB) | Shift+7 | Shift+7 |
Enter TAB: fret | 0 – 9 | 0 – 9 |
Enter TAB: fret | A – K | A – K |
Go to string above (TAB) | Up | Up |
Go to string below (TAB) | Down | Down |
Toggle ghost note | Shift+X | Shift+X |
Action | Windows/Linux | macOS |
---|---|---|
Select all | Ctrl+A | Cmd+A |
Add to selection: previous note/rest | Shift+Left | Shift+Left |
Add to selection: next note/rest | Shift+Right | Shift+Right |
Add to selection: staff above | Shift+Up | Shift+Up |
Add to selection: staff below | Shift+Down | Shift+Down |
Select to beginning of measure | Ctrl+Shift+Left | Cmd+Shift+Left |
Select to end of measure | Ctrl+Shift+Right | Cmd+Shift+Right |
Select to beginning of score | Ctrl+Shift+Home | Cmd+Shift+Fn+Left |
Select to end of score | Ctrl+Shift+End | Cmd+Shift+Fn+Right |
Action | Windows/Linux | macOS |
---|---|---|
Escape | Esc | Esc |
Undo | Ctrl+Z | Cmd+Z |
Redo | Ctrl+Shift+Z | Cmd+Shift+Z |
Copy | Ctrl+C | Cmd+C |
Cut | Ctrl+X | Cmd+X |
Paste | Ctrl+V | Cmd+V |
Repeat selection | R | R |
Insert one measure before selection | Ins | Ins |
Insert measures before selection | Ctrl+Ins | Cmd+Ins |
Insert one measure at end of score | Ctrl+B | Cmd+B |
Insert measures at end of score | Alt+Shift+B | Option+Shift+B |
Delete | Del | Del |
Delete selected measures | Ctrl+Del | Cmd+Del |
Show/hide properties | F8 | Fn+F8 |
Edit element | F2 | Fn+F2 |
Action | Windows/Linux | macOS |
---|---|---|
Set duration | 1 – 9 | 1 – 9 |
Enter tuplet | Ctrl+2 – Ctrl+9 | Cmd+2 – Cmd+9 |
Add tied note | T | T |
Action | Windows/Linux | macOS |
---|---|---|
Toggle accidental: flat | - | - |
Toggle accidental: natural | = | = |
Toggle accidental: sharp | + | + |
Move pitch/selection up | Up | Up |
Move pitch/selection down | Down | Down |
Move pitch up an octave | Ctrl+Up | Cmd+Up |
Move pitch down an octave | Ctrl+Down | Cmd+Down |
Change enharmonic spelling (concert and written pitch) | J | J |
Move note to higher string (TAB) | Ctrl+Up | Cmd+Up |
Move note to lower string (TAB) | Ctrl+Down | Cmd+Down |
Action | Windows/Linux | macOS |
---|---|---|
Flip direction | X | X |
Use voice 1 | Ctrl+Alt+1 | Cmd+Option+1 |
Use voice 2 | Ctrl+Alt+2 | Cmd+Option+2 |
Action | Windows/Linux | macOS |
---|---|---|
Move text left | Left | Left |
Move text right | Right | Right |
Move text left quickly | Ctrl+Left | Cmd+Left |
Move text right quickly | Ctrl+Right | Cmd+Right |
Move selection up | Up | Up |
Move selection down | Down | Down |
Move selection up quickly | Ctrl+Up | Cmd+Up |
Move selection down quickly | Ctrl+Down | Cmd+Down |
Action | Windows/Linux | macOS |
---|---|---|
Add text: staff text | Ctrl+T | Cmd+T |
Add text: expression text | Ctrl+E | Cmd+E |
Add text: system text | Ctrl+Shift+T | Cmd+Shift+T |
Add text: tempo marking | Alt+Shift+T | Option+Shift+T |
Add text: rehearsal mark | Ctrl+M | Cmd+M |
Action | Windows/Linux | macOS |
---|---|---|
Format text: bold face | Ctrl+B | Cmd+B |
Format text: italic | Ctrl+I | Cmd+I |
Format text: underline | Ctrl+U | Cmd+U |
Action | Windows/Linux | macOS |
---|---|---|
Add text: lyrics | Ctrl+L | Cmd+L |
Go to next syllable | Space | Space |
Go to previous syllable | Shift+Space | Shift+Space |
Lyrics: enter hyphen | - | - |
Lyrics: enter melisma | _ | _ |
Add lyric verse | Return | Return |
Go to next lyric verse | Down | Down |
Go to previous lyric verse | Up | Up |
Action | Windows/Linux | macOS |
---|---|---|
Add text: chord symbol | Ctrl+K | Cmd+K |
Next text element | Space | Space |
Previous text element | Shift+Space | Shift+Space |
Advance cursor: next beat | ; | ; |
Advance cursor: previous beat | Shift+; | Shift+; |
Advance cursor: duration | Ctrl+1 – Ctrl+9 | Cmd+1 – Cmd+9 |
Action | Windows/Linux | macOS |
---|---|---|
Show/hide palettes | F9 | Fn+F9 |
Search palettes | Ctrl+F9 | Cmd+Fn+F9 |
Add slur | S | S |
Add articulation: accent | Shift+V | Shift+V |
Add articulation: marcato | Shift+O | Shift+O |
Add articulation: staccato | Shift+S | Shift+S |
Add articulation: tenuto | Shift+N | Shift+N |
Add hairpin: crescendo | < | < |
Add hairpin: decrescendo | > | > |
Action | Windows/Linux | macOS |
---|---|---|
Add/remove instruments | I | I |
Open instruments dialog | F7 | Fn+F7 |
Toggle visibility of elements | V | V |
Decrease layout stretch | { | { |
Increase layout stretch | } | } |
Add/remove system break | Return | Return |
Add/remove page break | Ctrl+Return | Cmd+Return |
Reset shapes and positions | Ctrl+R | Cmd+R |
Action | Windows/Linux | macOS |
---|---|---|
New | Ctrl+N | Cmd+N |
Open | Ctrl+O | Cmd+O |
Close | Ctrl+W | Cmd+W |
Save | Ctrl+S | Cmd+S |
Ctrl+P | Cmd+P | |
Quit | Ctrl+Q | Cmd+Q |
Action | Windows/Linux | macOS |
---|---|---|
Play | Space | Space |
Show/hide mixer | F10 | Fn+F10 |